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Janet's last lecture

Janets Last lecture

QuestionAnswer
Electrolytes regulate H2O distribution, neoromuscular activity and neuromuscular excitability
Kidneys Filter plasma and excrete urine
Heart carries nutrients and H2O in body
Lungs O2 and Carbon Dixide levels
Adrenal glands concerve Na, save chloride and water, excrete K
Thyroid gland increases blood flow and renal circulation
Parathyroid surgery can cause injury that upsets Ca+ level because parathyroid regulates Ca+
With all electrolytes, if you can't excrete you will have hyper(whatever)
Na+ Helps nerve and muscle cells interact, controls and regulates volume of body fluids
Na+ and water stick together
Normal Na+ 135-145
Hypernatremia above 145
Hyponatremia below 135
Hyponatremia can occur with too little sodium, overhydration, rapid IV infusion,
Hyponatremia can occur with cont. loss of fluid from vomiting, GI suctioning, adrenal gland deficency, excessive sweating
Hyponatremia s/s letheragy, confusion, leg cramps, decreased urine specific gravity below 1.010
Tx of Hyponatremia give Na+ IV, sodium in diet, in desert ppl take Na+ tab., Corrent underlying problem
Hypernatremia causes to much sodium, dehydration, profuse sweating
Hypernatremia s/s thirst, elevated temp, dry tongue
If pt. is hypertensive they need low sodium diet
Temp maybe elevated due to elevated fluid
Potassium 3.5-5
There is to be no deviation is K to much or too little can cause cardiac problems
Need K to control nerve impulses, cell excitability and muscle contraction (cardiac)
To administer K you must check K levels, to high can cause cardiac arrect
K should be given in a diluted solution
NEVER give K IV push or syringe
Causes of Hypokalimia vomiting, diarreha
Medications for Hypokaliuma diaretics, K-Dur, Kchlor, Florcimide
Diet to control Hypokalumia Bannanna, peaches, dairy, broccili, meats
Hypokalumia s/s leg cramps, weak and fatigue
Hypokalumia can lead to cardiac Arrhythmia and EKG changes
Causes of Hyperkalumia increase intake, decrease excrete (/c kidney problems renal problems, elderly)
Created by: Megaroo2222
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