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What are the bodies first line of natural defenses against disease(3 answers)?
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What are the bodies second line of natural defenses against disease (inflammatory response)(3 answers)?
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Patient Care MCC
Patient Care Chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the bodies first line of natural defenses against disease(3 answers)? | 1.Intact skin 2.Mucous membranes 3.Chemicals (Lysozyme, acid, PH levels) |
| What are the bodies second line of natural defenses against disease (inflammatory response)(3 answers)? | 1.Increase in blood flow 2.Heat 3.White blood cells |
| What are the 2 types of immunity? | Aquired and Passive immunity |
| In which type of immunity is an antigen introduced into the body causing the body to produce an antibody? | Acquired immunity |
| What are the 6 steps in the cycle of infection? | 1.pathogenic organism 2.reservoir of infection 3.portal of exit 4.means of transmission 5.portal of entry 6.susceptible host |
| A)What are: 1.MRSA/ORSA 2.VRE 3.C-Diff? B)What is the key to preventing the spread of ALL three diseases? | A)1. MRSA/ORSA (Methicillin or Oxacillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) bacterial 2.VRE (Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus) bacterial 3.C-Diff (Pseudomembraneous colitis) intestinal bacteria with a resistance to Vancomycin. B) Hand washing |
| What is HIV and is it lethal? | Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus It is NOT lethal (the infected individual dies from other opportunistic diseases) |
| Why are RNA viruses called Retroviruses? | They replicate in a "backward" manner converting from RNA to DNA once they invade a host cell. |
| In the early stages of infection there is a brief period of flulike symptoms; list the symptoms of HIV at the end of the asymptomatic phase. | 1.Night sweats 2.oral infections 3.weight loss 4.persistently enlarged lymph nodes 5.low-grade fever |
| T/F in its DORMANT stage HIV will attack the CD4 lymphocytes. | True |
| Which two forms of Hepatitis (A, B, C, D, or E) are carried in feces and transmitted through food and water? | A and E (Wash Your Hands People!!!!!) (the rest are blood borne) |
| Is Tuberculosis Viral or Bacterial? | Bacterial |
| A)How is Tuberculosis transmitted? B)How do you test if someone has Tuberculosis? | A)Airborne B)PPD skin test (purified protein derivative) |
| ____________ ____________are designed to reduce the risk of transmission of unrecognized sources of blood borne and other pathogens. | Standard Precautions |
| Standard precautions apply to these sources? | Blood, all body fluids, secretions and excretions (except sweat)even without visible blood, non-intact skin, mucous membranes |
| _________ _________are designed to reduce the risk of airborne, droplet, and contact transmission. | Transmission Precautions |
| This type of asepsis deals with REDUCING the number of transmittable infectious organisms through hand washing, changing linen, and washing our equipment. | Medical Asepsis |
| This type of asepsis is the complete destruction of all organisms and spores from equipment using disinfectant chemicals. | Surgical Asepsis |
| T/F a compromised patient (protective Isolation) has limited immunity and requires special precautions to avoid exposure to potential infection. | True |
| T/F it is ok to use hand rubs when there is visible soiling on your hands. | False |
| T/F needles should be recapped before being placed in the sharps container. | False (recapping greatly increases the possibility of sticking yourself with the infected needle) NEVER recap a dirty needle |
| In an infectious isolation who are you protecting? yourself or the patient | Yourself |
| What are the steps to "gown up" for isolation (in order)? | 1.Lead Apron 2.Cap 3.Mask 4.Gown 5.Tie 6.Gloves |
| What are the steps to "gown off" for isolation (in order)? | 1.Untie 2.Gloves 3.Wash hands 4.Mask 5.Gown 6.Cap 7.Rewash hands 8. Wipe down machine |
| What are the 5 types of sterilization? | 1. Chemical 2.Dry heat 3.conventional gas 4.Gas plasma technology (newest) 5.Autoclaving (quickest and most common) |
| In this type of sterilization Items are cleaned, wrapped, and placed in a unit where low-temp. hydrogen peroxide gas plasma diffuses through the wrapping and kills microorganisms and spores. | Gas Plasma Technology |
| Name some advantages of gas plasma technology. | *no toxic fumes *it can effectively sterilize endoscopes,fiberoptic devices, microsurgical instruments, and powered instruments. |
| T/F Gas plasma technology can sterilize instruments with long narrow lumina, powders, liquids, and cellulose materials (paper/cotton) | False |
| This type of sterilization uses steam under pressure. | Autoclaving |
| This type of sterilization is used for rubber, electrical, and plastic items. | Conventional Gas Sterilization |
| What type of sterilization is used for powders and greasy substances? | Dry Heat |
| Chemical sterilization can be used for? | Endoscopes |
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kdearman
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