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clot formation
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mo stack 2
coagulation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| coagulation | clot formation |
| clot formation | necesary for survival from injuries or surgery |
| hemostasis | stoppage of blood flow |
| thromboplastin | a substance that triggers the clotting mechanism |
| thrombin | converts soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin |
| thrombus | a blood clot within a blood vessel |
| embolus | a mass of undissolved matter in the vessel |
| anticoagulants | used to prevent venous clotting |
| adverse reaction of an anticoagulant | hemorrhage |
| a specific drug of an low molecular weight heparin (LMW) | ardeparin |
| a specific drug of an low molecular weight heparin (LMW) | dalteparin (fragmin) |
| a specific drug of an low molecular weight heparin (LMW) | enoxparin (lovenox) |
| a specific drug of an low molecular weight heparin (LMW) | warfarin (coumadin) |
| warfarin | does not affect established clots, but does prevent further extenstion of formed clots |
| antidote of an hemorrhage | vitamin K |
| half-life | means drugs can be given less frequently |
| antiplalatnet | drugs are used to suppress the aggregation |
| aggregation | clumping or sticking together |
| ticlopidine (ticlid) | produces irreversible inhibition of platelet fibrin binding |
| clopidogrel (plavix) | mechanism of action is similar to ticlopidine |
| specific drugs of thrombolytics | alteplase (activase) |
| specific drugs of thrombolytics | steeptokinase (stretase) |
| specific drugs of thrombolytics | tenecteplase (TNKase) |
| topical hemostatics | gelatin or cellulose sponges |
| topical hemostatics | usually used to control bleeding that occurs during oral, dental, opthalmic |
| hyperlipidemia | a metabolic disease characterized by increased concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides |
| for a thrombolytics to work | it must be given every 1 to 6 hours |
| a primary lipoprotiens | HDL-high density lipoprotiens - good cholesterol |
| a treatment of hyperlipemia | diet |
| a treatment of hyperlipemia | bite acid sequestants |
| bite acid sequestrants | bind to bite acids in the intestines, preventing the absoption and producing insoluable complex that is excreted |
| a specific drug of hyperlipidemia | cholestryamine (questran) |
| HMG | COA reductase inhibator |
| HMG | prefered to as "statins" |
| treatment of hyperlipidemia is | lovastain (mevacor) |
| liquid drugs | are supplied in pre-filled syringes, ampules or glass/ plastic vials |
| MEQ | milliequivalent |
| IVPB | IV piggy bank |
| KVO | keep vien open |
| STAT | immediately |
| LVP | large volume parenteral |
| NaCl | sodium chloride |
| Swfi | sterile water for injection |
| angiotensin II | a ptent casoconstrictor and stimulates the production of aldosterone which increase blood pressure |
| primary function of kidneys | to maintain the balance of water, electrolytes, acids and bases |
| divretics | block the re-absorption of sodium and chloride inthe kidneys which aids in controlling blood pressure |
| osmotic divertics | mannitol (osmitrol) |
| thiazide divertics | all drugs in this class have equivalent potency but differ in onset, peak and duriation of action (DOA) |
| loop divretics | furosemide (lavix) |
| adverse effect of a loop divretic | hyperglycemia |
| potassium sparing divretics | spironolactone (aldactone) |
| ACE-1 | inhibits the formation of angiotensin and reduces the action of the AA system |
| AA ___system | renin-angiotensin-aldosterone |
| a specific drug of an ACE-1 inhibator | captopril (capoten) |
| ACE-1 | angiotensin converting enzyme inhibator |
| ACE -2 inhibators | block the receptors for angiotensin |
| a specific drug of ana ACE-2 inhibator | losartan (cozaar) |
| sympatheltic blocking agents | stimulate the central alpha receptors and decreases the outflow of norepinephrine |
| a specific drug of an sympathetic blocking agent | clonidine (catapres) |
| indication of a thrombolytics is | lysis (breakdown) of pulmonary embolism or coronary artery thrombis during an acute MI |
| atherosclerosis | a fatty plaque deposits in the lining of the arteries |
| VLDL | very low density lipoprotiens |
| LDL | low density lipoprotiens |
| fibrin | forms a network of threats that entrap RBC and platelets to form a clot |
| anticoagulants works by | inhibition of preformed clotting factors, prevention of synthesis of normal clotting factors |
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