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Chapter 14

Stack #175452

QuestionAnswer
lymph forms when blood plasma filters out of capillaries, bathes the cell body (picking up waste)
lymphatic vessel gathers the fluid and returns it to the blood
lymphatic capillaries capillaries absorb lymph and take it to the lymph venules
lacteals lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine, absorb lipids and takes it to the blood
lymphatic venules/veins take lymph to the lymph ducts, 1 way valves
R lymphatic duct drains the upper quarter of the body into the right subclavian vein
thoratic duct largest, drains the other 3/4 of the body into the left subclavian vein
lymphedema tissue swelling from accumulation of lymph caused by crush injuries
elephantiasis filarial worms get into system and blocks lymph vessels causing swelling
lymph nodes filters out bacteria and cancer cells, helps stop infection. located in neck, armpits, and groin
lymphoma lymphatic tumors, swelling that doesn't hurt
thymus in the mediastinum, behind the sternum, largest at puberty , releases T lymphocytes
T lymphocytes released by thymus
thymosin thymus hormone that develops T-cells
tonsils lymph organs, help protect against bacterial injury
spleen largest lymph organ, upper left organ, removes bacteria in blood and old blood cells (reservoir for blood-holds 1 pint)
splenomegaly spleen enlargement, mononucleolous
immune system defense system made up of organ molecules and cells
nonspecific immunity attacks any irritants, foreign and abnormal substances are attacked. the skin and mucus membranes block entry. the inflammatory response begins and allows for phagomytosis of the red blood cells
specific immunity protects against an individual type of bacteria, virus, or antigen. involves memory and triggers response. (remembers disease)
inherited immunity (inborn) immunity you are born with
acquired immunity something you pick up along the way- you develop it
natural acquired immunity everyday exposure to pathogens due to regular living
artificial acquired immunity deliberate exposure to a pathogen
immune system molecules 100 million molecules to 1 cell. humeoral immunity
antibodies protein molecules formed in response to antigens
complement protein molecules in blood, usually inactive. attach to bacteria causing sodium and water to enter
immune system cells cellular immunity
phagocytes live in liver, spleen, lymph nodes. white blood cells that eat foreign cells, particles, and cell debris. can leave blood and move through tissues
lymphocytes most common immune system cell, responsible for antibody production
B-lymphocytes come from bone marrow, go to lymph nodes and make antibodies. humerol immunity, forms plasma cells, make a lot of antibodies, also forms memory cells that hang out until stimulated the formed plasma
T-lymphocytes found in thymus, go to lymph nodes and kills the cells directly
monoclonal antibodies producing a specific antibody from identical cells in a lab, used against a specific disease
interferon protein produced by T-cells after injection by a virus/interferes with viral reproduction in other cells
immune system hypersensitivity an inappropriate or excessive response
allergy response of immune system to a harmless antigen, 1 in 6 people
allergen causes allergic response
histamines causes symptoms of allergies
autoimmunity immune system attacks itself ex. Lupus
isoimmunity the immune system attacks antigens from other humans ex. pregnancy
immunodeficiency immune system is not working. as a result there is no defense
congenital born with lyphocytes that do not work ex. SCIDS
acquired develops after birth, due to drugs, a virus, trauma, or stress. ex. AIDS
immunization a vaccination produces a primary response of antibody production, a second vaccine or booster produces a response that is faster and stronger.
AIDS caused by HIV virus, hides in the T-cells then destroys them, AZT slows progression of virus
Created by: agentm6586
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