Stack #175452
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| lymph | forms when blood plasma filters out of capillaries, bathes the cell body (picking up waste)
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| lymphatic vessel | gathers the fluid and returns it to the blood
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| lymphatic capillaries | capillaries absorb lymph and take it to the lymph venules
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| lacteals | lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine, absorb lipids and takes it to the blood
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| lymphatic venules/veins | take lymph to the lymph ducts, 1 way valves
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| R lymphatic duct | drains the upper quarter of the body into the right subclavian vein
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| thoratic duct | largest, drains the other 3/4 of the body into the left subclavian vein
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| lymphedema | tissue swelling from accumulation of lymph caused by crush injuries
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| elephantiasis | filarial worms get into system and blocks lymph vessels causing swelling
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| lymph nodes | filters out bacteria and cancer cells, helps stop infection. located in neck, armpits, and groin
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| lymphoma | lymphatic tumors, swelling that doesn't hurt
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| thymus | in the mediastinum, behind the sternum, largest at puberty , releases T lymphocytes
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| T lymphocytes | released by thymus
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| thymosin | thymus hormone that develops T-cells
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| tonsils | lymph organs, help protect against bacterial injury
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| spleen | largest lymph organ, upper left organ, removes bacteria in blood and old blood cells (reservoir for blood-holds 1 pint)
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| splenomegaly | spleen enlargement, mononucleolous
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| immune system | defense system made up of organ molecules and cells
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| nonspecific immunity | attacks any irritants, foreign and abnormal substances are attacked. the skin and mucus membranes block entry. the inflammatory response begins and allows for phagomytosis of the red blood cells
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| specific immunity | protects against an individual type of bacteria, virus, or antigen. involves memory and triggers response. (remembers disease)
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| inherited immunity | (inborn) immunity you are born with
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| acquired immunity | something you pick up along the way- you develop it
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| natural acquired immunity | everyday exposure to pathogens due to regular living
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| artificial acquired immunity | deliberate exposure to a pathogen
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| immune system molecules | 100 million molecules to 1 cell. humeoral immunity
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| antibodies | protein molecules formed in response to antigens
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| complement | protein molecules in blood, usually inactive. attach to bacteria causing sodium and water to enter
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| immune system cells | cellular immunity
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| phagocytes | live in liver, spleen, lymph nodes. white blood cells that eat foreign cells, particles, and cell debris. can leave blood and move through tissues
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| lymphocytes | most common immune system cell, responsible for antibody production
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| B-lymphocytes | come from bone marrow, go to lymph nodes and make antibodies. humerol immunity, forms plasma cells, make a lot of antibodies, also forms memory cells that hang out until stimulated the formed plasma
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| T-lymphocytes | found in thymus, go to lymph nodes and kills the cells directly
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| monoclonal antibodies | producing a specific antibody from identical cells in a lab, used against a specific disease
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| interferon | protein produced by T-cells after injection by a virus/interferes with viral reproduction in other cells
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| immune system hypersensitivity | an inappropriate or excessive response
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| allergy | response of immune system to a harmless antigen, 1 in 6 people
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| allergen | causes allergic response
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| histamines | causes symptoms of allergies
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| autoimmunity | immune system attacks itself ex. Lupus
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| isoimmunity | the immune system attacks antigens from other humans ex. pregnancy
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| immunodeficiency | immune system is not working. as a result there is no defense
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| congenital | born with lyphocytes that do not work ex. SCIDS
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| acquired | develops after birth, due to drugs, a virus, trauma, or stress. ex. AIDS
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| immunization | a vaccination produces a primary response of antibody production, a second vaccine or booster produces a response that is faster and stronger.
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| AIDS | caused by HIV virus, hides in the T-cells then destroys them, AZT slows progression of virus
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