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Pharmacology Quiz #3
CSUDH MEPN Cohort 3 Pharm Quiz #3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the purpose of administering probenecid with cefotaxime? | To prolong the effect of cefotaxime |
| What is the purpose of administering cilastatin in combination with imipemen? | To increase urinary concentration of the antibiotic |
| A client is taking vancomycin has a serious adverse reaction. What should the nurse evaluate? | Hearing and balance for evidence of ototoxicity |
| Vancomycin is generally given IV, which would warrant oral administration? | Pseudomebranous colitis |
| What is the major clinical difference between tecoplanin and vancomycin? | Tecoplanin can be given IM and IV |
| If a client says they took fosfomycin tablets 3 days ago, what does the nurse know? | Client is being treated for a UTI |
| For a client receiving IV antibiotic therapy, when should the nurse draw a peak drug level? | 90 minutes after completion of IV antibiotic infusion |
| What happens if vancomycin is given too rapidly? | Red man syndrome |
| Why are tetracyclines not considered the 1st line of antimicrobial agents? | Emerging resistance |
| A nurse schedules tetracycline administration for a client with a respiratory infection. Which administration is most appropriate? | 2 hours after a meal containing dairy products |
| Why can a pregnant female take tetracycline? | It can be harmful to the baby's teeth |
| A client has been treated with a 10 day course of tetracycline c/o profuse diarrhea for 2 days. What should the nurse do and why? | Inform the doctor because it may indicate a supra infection |
| If erythromycin is prescribed for a client with renal insufficiency, what should the nurse do? | Nothing, just administer the drug as prescribed |
| Erythomycin estolate is prescribed for a client that is allergic to PCN. When counseling, what instructions regarding taking the medication should the nurse give? | It is acceptable to take this drug with food |
| A client prescribed azithromycin states that they had nausea and vomiting prior with erythomycin, what should the nurse say? | It is like erythomycin, but it has less severe side effects |
| What is an advantage of clarithromycin compared with erythromycin? | Clarithromycin is administered less frequently |
| If dirithromycin is prescribed, what should the client be informed of? | Take med. with meals |
| Why are indications for using clindamycin limited? | It can predispose clients to getting pseudomembranous colitis, (various antibiotics in addition to clinda can change the gut flora and allow Clostridium difficile---responsible for psuedomemb colitis-- to take over). |
| A client has been receiving clindamycin for 10 days and develops profuse diarrhea, what should the nurse expect to administer instead? | Vancomycin or metronidazole |
| If a client is taking chloraphenicol had blood drawn to check trough level. The level is reported as 15 mcg/mL. Next dose is due, what should nurse do? | Withhold drug and notify MD |
| What health precautions should you tell a client receiving tetracycline? | Use sunscreen |
| What could cause a dangerous reaction to linezolid? | If taken with aged cheese |
| A nurse prepares to administer spectinomycin to a client with gonorrhea, how would this medication be given? | IM |
| In a nurse reviews a culture report of a client being treated with aminoglycoside, and the culture was positive for staphylococcus, what should the nurse do? | Notify MD |
| When is aminoglycoside not used? | If the infection is not susceptible and there is a pattern of resistance in the institution of community |
| What is the 1st sign of ototoxicity from aminoglycoside? | 1st sign of co cochlear damage is high pitch tinnitis |
| Who is at high risk for aminoglycoside induced nephrotoxicity? | 72 year old also on amphotericin B |
| A 68 year old client is on IV aminoglycoside for a serious infection, client develops CHF and needs a diuretic. Which diuretic prescription would prompt the nurse to collaborate whit the physician prior to administration? | Nothing, given routinely |
| What is the preferred dosing schedule for aminoglycosides? | Once daily |
| A nurse is planning to obtain a peak aminoglycoside level, when should it be drawn? | 30 minutes after infusion |
| A client is on once a day dosage of gentamicin, when should a trough level be drawn? | 1 hour before the next infusion |
| A client's peak gentamicin level is 1 mcg/mL, what does this mean? | This is a subtherapeutic peak level |
| Why is neomycin not used parenterally? | Because it is more ototoxic and nephrotoxic than other aminoglycides |
| An MD prescribes gentamicin and PCN IV q8h. Wat schedule should the nurse give these drugs? | Give PCN at 0600, 1400, 2200 Give Genatmicin at 0800, 1600, 2400 |
| What is the principle indication for sulfamonibide? | UTI |
| What is a client taking warfarin and trimethoprin at risk for? | Increase bleeding |
| Why are sulfonamides contradicted for new borns? | Kernicterus (damage to the brain centers of infants caused by increased levels of unconjugated-indirect bilirubin ) |
| When mafenide is used to prevent bacterial infection in a burn client, what must the nurse do? | Monitor laboratory test for acidosis |
| What is used to counteract the hematological toxicity when a client is treated with trimethoprim? | Folic acid |
| When a client is experiencing a relapsing UTI after a short course of therapy, what should the nurse do? | Discuss with the client that the is a 2 week course of therapy |
| In a client with repeated UTIs, what should also besides treatment of acute infection? | Trimethoprim as prophylaxis |
| A client is receiving methenamide for treatment of a chronic UTI and sulfisoxole is given concurrently, what my develop? | Crystalluria |
| Why are multiple drugs given for active TB? | Prevents emergence of resistance organisms |
| What is the induction phase of active TB therapy? | 1st two months of treatment |
| A client with HIV/AIDS has taken protease inhibitors for 18 months. The client is now diagnosed with active TB. Why is rifampin not given? | Contraindicated because rifampin will decrease the effects of the protease inhibitor |
| In an adult with active TB, in evaluating the client's response to therapy, what would the nurse want to see? | Improved radiograph (chest XR) in 3 months |
| A client being followed for latent TB has been in INH therapy for 2 months. When reviewing lab test, nurse notices that the liver function tests are grossly abnormal, what should the nurse do? | Instruct client to stop medication and other drugs are to be prescribed |
| What is selective toxicity? | Kills or injures target organism without causing harm to the host |
| What agent inhibits bacterial wall synthesis? | PCN |
| What happens when a population overuses an antibiotic? | Antibiotic resistant organsim |
| What is oral thrush a result of? | Suprainfection (opportunistic infection) |
| A client with a fever of unknown origin started a broad-spectrum antibiotic, what is it imperative that the nurse obtain? | All cultures before antibiotics are given |
| When is sensitivity testing indicated? | Resistance is likely |
| A client has a new prescription for a 10 day course of PCN, what should the nurse counsel the client to do? | Take the entire prescription of the drug, to prevent recurrence of the infection or potential resistance |
| With what illness would a combination of antibiotics be used? | TB |
| What happens when PCNs act by weakening the bacterial cell wall? | Cell wall ruptures and dies |
| What happens when a client is taking PCN G and inflammation occurs? | Inflammation increases distribution of PCN G into joints and CSF |
| Nurse prepares to administer a dose of procaine PCN, the prescription reads "1.2 million units IV q6h" What should the nurse do? | Hold drug and notify MD that this agent cannot be administered IV |
| A client reports an urticarial reaction to PCN G, which antibiotic is the safest choice? | Erythromycin |
| How do PCN V adn PCN G differ? | PCN V can be administered orally |
| Which antibiotic is used for MRSA? | Vancomycin |
| Why is amoxicillian prefeffed over ampicillin orally? | Amoxicillian is more acid resistant |
| A nurse transcribes a new prescription for potassium PCN G IV q8h and gentamicin IV q12h. Which is the best schedule? | Give PCN G at 0800, 1600, and 2400 Give gentamicin at 1800 and 0600 |
| What is the priority when assessing a client beginning antibiotic therapy? | To question client about allergies |
| Which lab value has the greatest influence on dose prescription for piperalillin? | BUN and creatinine |
| A client on IV cephalosporin therapy complains of pain and irritation at the infusion site. The nurse observes signs of thrombophlebitis, what should the nurse do? | Select alternative IV site and administer slowly |
| A client treated with oral cephalosporin c/o nausea, what should the nurse do? | Advise client to take with food |
| Client being treated with cefmetazole c/o HA, which analgesic is safest? | Acetaminophen |
| What is the purpose of administering probenecid with cefotaxime? | To prolong effect of cefotaxine |
| What is the purpose of administering cilastatin in combo with impemen? | To increase urinary concentration of the antibiotic |
Created by:
behappyitsme
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