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Chapter 8
Unit 2: Nursing care of clients with neurosensory disorders
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Alzheimer's Disease: (Pg. 82) | Nonreversible type of dementia (60% of cases >65yrs old) -Progressively develops -7 stages - |
What is dementia? | Multiple cognitive deficits that impair memory and can affect language, motor skills & abstract thinking |
How long do you live for? | Some die 4-6 yrs after dx -Others up to 20 years |
What is the number one risk factor of AD? | After the age of 65 |
Major characteristics of AD? | Memory loss, judgment issues, personality changes |
Risks of AD? | Advanced age, genetic predisposition (ApoE), env't, head injury previously, sex (female) |
Lab tests for AD | Genetic testing for ApoE |
Are there any dx procedures? | No -Brain tissue exam after death -Can only rule out other diseases during life |
Patient centered care.. Pg. 84 | Basic/common sense.. see book |
Medications for AD.. target what issues | Behavioral/emotional; anxiety, agitation, combativeness & depression Ex. antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics -They temporarily slow the course of the disease |
What theory of AD are the meds based on? | AD is the result of depleted levels of the enzyme acetyltransferase (produces acetylcholine) |
Donepezil (Aricept) .. (Pg. 85) | Prevents the breakdown of ACh -Increased nerve impulses at nerve sites |
Side effects of Aricept | Frequent stools/upset stomach Dizziness/headache Lightheaded, unsteady gait Caution w COPD/asthma |
Alternative therapy for AD -Estrogen -Ginkgo | -Estrogen for women: may prevent AD, but does not decrease preexisting dementia -Ginkgo biloba: herbal product to increase memory & blood circulation |