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RSPT chp 4 egans
infection prevention and control
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What do infection control procedures aim to do | eliminate the sources of agents, create barriers to there transmission, monitor the effectiveness of control |
3 elements present in spread of infection | source of pathogens, susceptible hosts, route of transmission |
host factors increasing the chance of infection are | Poorly controlled diabetes, increased age, chemo, placement of tubes and cath |
Sources of infectious agents | Humans, inanimate objects, workers In hospital |
Steps in decreasing host susceptibility | Shots, ventilators, limit the use of devices, prevention bundles |
Steps to interrupting the route of transmission | Special equipment handling, barrier precautions, disposable equipment |
Standard precautions apply to | Blood, all body fluids, nonintact skin, mucous membranes |
What is involved in PPE | Gloves, masks, n-95, gowns |
contact precautions | Gowns, gloves, most common to reduce spread of drug resistant organisms |
droplet precautions | Generated with coughing, sneezing, suctioning bronchoscopy and cough induction and surgical mask must be worn |
Airborne infection isolation | Isolation technique intended to reduce risk of selected small droplet such as tuberculosis, use of n-95 respirator room must be negatively pressured and 2 air exchanges per hour and use HEPA filters |
disinfection | Destroys vegetative forms of all pathogens except bacterial spores, pasteurization is most common physical method |
sterilization | Destroys all microorganisms, steam sterile. Is the most common and easiest |