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RSPT chp 35 Egans
humidity and bland aerosol
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Formula for Relative humidity | %RH= content/capacity times 100 |
| Where is the isothermic saturation boundary ( ISB) | Normally 5cm below the carina this can move up and down depending on how hard the nose has to work. The more work the nose does the ISB moves down. The less work the nose does the ISB moves up |
| What happens above the ISB | temp and relative humidity decrease during insp. And increase during exhalation |
| What happens below the ISB | Temp. And relative humidity remain constant |
| When does the ISB shift dismally (farther down) | When someone breaths dry cold air, airway is bypassed, minute ventilation is higher than normal |
| What is absolute humidity | The weight of the moisture. The amount of water in given volume of gas. Expressed in mg/l |
| What is relative humidity | The ratio between the amount of water in given volume of gas and maximum amount it is capable of holding at that temp. |
| What is the capacity of water at body temp | 44mg/lq |
| What is the formula for body humidity | Absolute humidity/ 44mg/l times 100 |
| What is a humidity deficit | Inspired air that is not fully saturated at body temp anything lower than 44mg/l |
| What is the formula for humidity deficit | 44mg/l-absolute humidity |
| What are the indications for humidification and warming of inspired gas | Dry gases that are at a flow greater than 4./min, following incubation of a patient, managing hypothermia, treating bronchospasm caused by cold air. |
| What is a humidifier | device that adds molecular water to gas, occurring by the evaporation of water from a surface |
| What are the factors that effect a humidifiers function | Temp, the higher the temp of a gas the more water it can hold, surface area, time of contact, thermal mass-the greater the amount of water in humidifier the greater the thermal mass |
| Types of humidifiers | Bubble, Passover, wick, HME,cascade |
| How much dead space does an HME add | 30-90 ml |
| Types of heating elements that require an electrical source | Hot plate, wraparound, yolk or collar element, immersion type, heated wire- vent. circuit |
| What amount humidity is used for incubated patients | At lease 30 mg/l |
| Problems with condensation | Poses risk to patient and caregiver, waste water, occluded gas flow through circuit, be aspirated can be prevented with water traps. Placed at low points so its away from patient |
| What piece of equipment is used to measure the humidity | hygrometer |
| What is bland aerosol | Consists of liquid particles suspended in a gas, sterile water and sterile saline can be used. |
| How much can a unheated large volume nebulizer put out | 26-35 mg h2o/l |
| How much can a heated large volume nebulizer put out | 35-55 mg h2o/l |
| What is a ultrasonic nebulizer | Electrically powered device that uses piezoelectric crystal to generate aerosol. Crystal transducer converts radio waves into high freq. Mechanical vibrations that produce aerosol |
| What does the amplitude do to the ultrasonic nebulizer | Directly affects volume of aerosol output. Cannot change the frequency but you can increase the amplitude. |
| Types of aerosol masks | Aerosol mask, trach collar, t-peice, face tent and mist hoods and tents for small children and infants |
| What kind of solution is used in sputum induction | 3- 10% hypersonic saline solution |
Created by:
pearlekg
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