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Constitution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Preamble | introduction to the Constitution |
| federalism | principle of government that says that power is shared/divided between the federal government and state government |
| delegated powers | powers that belong to the federal government (ex. coining money) |
| reserved powers | powers that belong to the state governments (ex. marriage licenses) |
| concurrent powers | powers that the state and federal government share (ex. enforcing laws) |
| separation of powers | principle of government that separate the federal government's power between three branches of government (executive branch, legislative branch, judicial branch); each branch has its own power so that no one branch becomes too powerful |
| executive branch | President and Vice President; enforces the laws |
| legislative branch | Congress; makes the laws |
| judicial branch | Supreme Court; judges the laws |
| checks and balances | principle of government that says each branch has a power over the another branch so that no one branch has too much power (ex. the President (executive branch) can veto laws (legislative branch)) |
| popular sovereignty | principle of government that says the power comes from the people |
| republicanism | principle of government that says the people elect representatives in government |
| limited government | principle of government that says even the government has to follow the law; the government has limited power |
| individual rights | principle that says the people are guaranteed certain rights |
| Article I | Legislative Branch |
| Article II | Executive Branch |
| Article III | Judicial Branch |
| Constitution | the written plan of government for the United States |
| Congress | the legislative branch; bicameral system (House of Representatives and Senate); makes the laws |
| bicameral | two house system |
| House of Representatives | house of Congress where representation is based on population |
| Senate | house of Congress where representation is based on equal representation (two per state) |
| quorum | minimum number of members that must be present in each house before a vote can take place |
| bill | a proposed law |
| How a Bill Becomes a Law | 1. bill is proposed 2. Bill is voted on by House and Senate 3. President can veto a bill or pass it 4. If President vetoes, Congress can override by 2/3 vote |
| impeachment | bring charges against government official for wrong doing |
| elastic clause | Congress can make laws "necessary and proper"; gives Congress more power |
| presidential succession | the list of people in line for the presidency if the President can no longer perform duties |
| Chief Executive | President sees that all laws and programs are put in place |
| Commander in Chief | President controls the action of the military |
| Head of State | President is a symbol for the country; performs ceremonial duties |
| Director of Foreign Policy | President determines policies towards other nations; creates treaties |
| Head of Political Party | President is leader of his/her political party |
| Guardian of the Economy | President keeps the economy running smoothly |
| Legislative Leader | President proposes laws, passes laws, and vetoes bills |
| Electoral College | group of electors that vote for the President/Vice President |
| electors | Senators and Representatives |
| Marbury vs. Madison | Supreme Court Case that established judicial review |
| judicial review | the judicial branch has the power to review laws and determine their constitutionality (are the legal or not?) |
| Supreme Court | the judicial branch of the U.S. federal government; there are 9 Supreme Court justices (judges) |
| Article IV | relationships among states; each state will give the same rights to their citizens as other states |
| Article V | amending the Constitution; the Constitution can be changed through the amendment process |
| amendment | a change |
| Article VI | national supremacy; the Constitution is the"supreme law of the land" |
| Article VII | ratification |
| Bill of Rights | the first ten amendments to the Constitution; added by the anti-federalists to guarantee individual rights |
Created by:
Mrs.Rizzo
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