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Test cards
Constitution Test cards
| Word | Answer |
|---|---|
| New Jersey Plan | This plan was supported by smaller states which called for a single house of Congress with equal representation for each state. |
| Verginia Plan | This plan was supported by larger states which called for branches of government and a legislature that would have two houses where representation would be based on population and wealth |
| Great Compromise | This called for a two-house legislature (Congress) with the House of Representatives (votes based on population-please larger states) and the Senate (each state would have two votes-please smaller states). This addressed the issue of how representat |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | To help the south determine how many representatives a state should have in Congress, they decided to count each enslaved person as 3/5 of a free person. This ended the issue of taxation and representation. |
| Constitutional Convention | A meeting held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania with the goal of revising the Articles of Confederation. |
| James Madison | He wrote much of the Constitution. He is often called, “The Father of the Constitution.” |
| Articles of Confederation | Considered the first form of national government in the United States. |
| Preamble | explains why the Constitution was written; lists the six goals of the Constitution. |
| Amend | to change |
| Repeal | to cancel of take away |
| Delegates | people sent or authorized to represent others |
| Ratify | to approve |
| Unalienable Rights | rights that can't be taken away, such as life liberty, and pursuit of happiness |
| George Washington | First president of the united states, and the president of the Constitutional Convention. |
| Federalists | supporters of the constitution |
| Anti-Federalists | ratification of the constitution |
| Bill of rights | defines peoples rights |
| Five freedoms in the first ammendment | speech, press, religion, and assemble. |
| Two limitations placed on five freedoms | Can't violate peoples rights, and you can't harm anyone. |
| Civil court | Suing somebody for money damage |
| Criminal court | A court of law which criminal cases are determined. |
| Slander | A spoken statement of a false rumor |
| Lible | A written statement damaging someone's charactor |
| Assemble | To gather peacefully within a group to discuss issues |
| Petition | To circulate a written statement for the purpose of gaining signatures of those for or against an issue. |
| Probable cause | A solid reason to believe that a crime has been committed. |
| Information that would be on a search warrent | Date,expected time, a location, the area to be searched, and a judges signature. |
| Items protected from an unwarranted search | A persons papers, his house, his possessions, himself, other personal effects. |
| Capital Crime | A serious crime that involves the death penalty as a punishment |
| Infamous Crime | A serious crime that involves jail time from one year to life |
| Indictment | A formal charge or accusation of a serious crime |
| Valid Evidence | Direct evidence DNA or a witness which could directly link someone to a crime |
| Circumstantial Evidence | Indirect evidence that implies something occurred but doesn't directly prove it. |
| Grand Jury | Examines the evidence against the accused to determine if there is enough valid evidence to send the case to trial |
| Trial Jury | Decides if the person on trial is guilty |
| Judge's responsibility | Determine what the punishment should be for the person on trial. (if they are guilty) |
| Double Jeperdy | No person can be tried for the same crime twice assuming he is found innocent. |
| Plaintiff | You are making the charge |
| Defendant | The person being accused of the crime |
| Due process of law | Legal proceedings are carried out with established rules and principles. A person is entitled to the entire court procedures |
| 5 rights under due process of law | Trial by jury, lawyers, appeal case, have witnesses, show evidence. |
| Speedy trial | The defendant is tried for the alleged crimes within a reasonable time after being arrested. |
| Unbiased jury | a jury of peers that have not made judgement or guilt or innocence. The must go by the testimony presented in court. |
| Subpoena | Forces witnesses for the accused to appear and testify in court whether they want to or not. |
| Perjury | Lying under oath in court |
| Minimum $ amount for a common lawsuit | $20.00 (in damage) |
| Maximum $ amount for a common lawsuit | No set amount but has to be reasonable |
| Bail | Money provided by the accused to insure that the defendant will appear in court at his appointed hour. |
| Cruel & unusual punishment | death penalty. Police cannot do these things. it would be violation of the 8th ammendment |
| Main duty of legislative Branch | Make countries laws |
| Congress | Two houses make up this role |
| Senate | upper house has 100 people total of 2 senators per state |
| Two Illinois Senators | Dick Durbin and Mark Kirk |
| Vice president | Is the president of the senate and is in charge of the senate |
| President | leader of the united states |
| President Pro- Tempore | replacement when the vice president is out of town Orrin Hatch |
| Qualifications of Senate | Must be at least 30, must be a citizen for at least 9 years and must live in the state that the are representing |
| Governor of Illinois | Bruce Rauner fills the space what the senator cannot fulfill their vacancy |
| House of representatives | called the lower house determined by the population of the state |
| Census | a vote of how people are doing. |
| Illinois district representative | Person who represents his or her district Randy Hultgren |
| Speaker of the house | prosiding officer of the House of Repesentatives John Boehner |
| Bill | If passed becomes law |
| Revenue Bills | bill concerning money |
| Quorum | the minimum number of members that must be present for official business to take place |
| Congressional record | everything said is kept on record and put on a document. Shows votes made and who made them, or what was said and who said them |
| Impeach | to formally accuse someone of a wrong doing or misuse of power. |
| The role House of Representatives in impeachment cases | Has sole power to begin proceedings |
| The role of the Senate in impeachment cases | holds the trial serving as the trial and acts as the trial jury |
| The role of the Vice President in impeachment cases | Serves as a judge in impeachment trials |
| The role of the Supreme Court in impeachment cases | Chef justice takes over if the president or vice presidents is on trial |
| Capitol Building | Place where congress meets |
| Enumerated powers | powers that are specifically listed in the Constitution |
| Concurrent powers | Powers shared by the states and the federal government Collect taxes, and borrow money. |
| Reserved Powers | Powers reserved for the states and the people |
| Implied powers | are suggested powers needed to help carry out specifically listed powers in the constitution. |
| Elastic Powers | They can pass any law t uphold or enforce their power |
| Treason | When a person goes against their counrty |
| Habeas Corpus | Produce the body in latin it means that if the prisoner has nothing to do with the crime has to be let go |
| Ex Post Facto Laws | when you are punished for a crime that wasn't a crime when the crime was committed. |
| Bill of Attainder | This convicts a person without a trial. (bypassing Due Process of Law) |
| Federalism | division of power between the government and the states |
| Veto | to reject |
| Pocket Veto | if the president ignores the bill, 10 days has past congress and adjourned the bill dies |
| Override | congress can pass bill with 2/3 vote even if the president doesn't sign |
| joint commitee | where congress and house of representatives make a compromise |
| filibuster | the senitor tries to delay the voting of a bill by continuously talking |
| Main duty of the executive branch | enforce and administer our countries laws |
| Three qualifications to be president (Vice President) | Must be at leased be 35 years old, You must be a natural born citizen of the U.S, and must live in the U.S for at leased 14 years. |
| Duties of the President. | |
| Commander and chief of the united state military | Makes all decisions regarding the army, navy, airforce, marines, and coast gaurd |
| Chief executive | make sure employees are doing their jobs |
| Chief of the state | represents the united states |
| Chief legislator | can call a special session if necessary |
| Chief party | head of the political party |
| Reprieve | to delay |
| Pardon | to forgive or excuse |
| Presidential term office | 2 years |
| Oath of office | takes the oath of office.(swearing to uphold the Constitution to the best of his ability) |
| Succession | the number of persons coming after one another |
| Order of succession | President Barack Obama, Joe Biden, John Boehner, Orrin Hatch, Members of the cabinet strting with the Secretary of state John Kerry |
| Votes needed to become president | overall vote |
| Where does the electoral collage cast their votes | their own state capitol building |
| popular vote | where the most votes |
| # of votes each state receives | number of representatives plus number of senators in a state |
| Electoral Vote | the vote that chose the president |
| Main duty of the Judical branch | to interpret laws and administer justice |
| Three types of federal court | District, appellate, supreme court |
| Judges term | FOR LIFE |
| Judges qualifications | |
| Each states responsibility | |
| District Court | most federal system cases start here |
| Appellate Court | Hear cases of appeal from the lower courts |
| Supreme Court | Decide if laws are unconstitutional and legal |
| Original jurisdiction | The power to hear legal cases or operate legally within certain boundries. |
| Appellate jurisdiction | The power to review a cause that has already been heard in a lower court |
| Who appionts federal judges | President and then the Senate votes on it |
| Unconstitutional law | a law that goes against whaty is written in the Constitution |
| Writ of Certiori | a formal request by lawyers to the Supreme Court to hear their case |
| Marbury v. Madison | was the first instance which a law was passed by congress and was declared unconstitutional |
| McCulloch v. Maryland | dealt specifically with the right of the right of congress to create a national bank of the United Sates. |
| Miranda v. Arizona | confessed to a crime during police questioning without knowing he had a right to have an attorny present. |
| New Jersey v. T.L.O | 14 year old girl was convicted of haveing posession of marijuana |
| Reasons for Checks and Balances | to make sure the other courts are doing their jobs |
| Know who each house checks including electoral collage | Executive = legislative Judicial = legislative Legislative = executive Judicial = executive |
| how A bill becomes a law | first if it is a money bill it will start in the House of Representatives and is voted on, after it goes to the Senate where it is voted on, after it goes to the desk of the president, after then it gets vetoed and sent back to the house for a 2/3 vote to |
| Continued | override the veto, after it goes to the senate for a 2/3 vote to override veto. and then the bill becomes a law |
Created by:
Tate Fisk
Popular U.S. History sets