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Final Fundi Chapters
Chapters 6, 22, 29, 33, 36
Question | Answer |
---|---|
A belief about the worth of something, about what matters, that acts as a standard to guide one's behavior is termed: a) value system b)morality c)ethics d)value | d)value |
An organization of values in which each is ranked along a continuum of importance, often leading to a personal code of conduct is termed: a) value system b)morality c)ethics d)value | a)value system |
Modeling, moralizing, Laissez-faire, rewarding and punishing and responsible choice all represent: a)theories of ethics b) theories of morality c)modes of value transmission d) modes of ethics transmission | c)modes of value transmission |
What mode of value transmission puts children at risk because it provides little opportunity for them to weigh different values? | Moralizing |
What mode of value transmission gives the child little or no guidance and can lead to confusion and conflict? | Laissez-faire |
The concern for the welfare and well-being of others is termed: a) autonomy b) human dignity c) integrity d)altruism | d) altruism |
The right to self-determination and making decisions about your own healthcare is termed: a) autonomy b) human dignity c) integrity d)altruism | a) autonomy |
The respect for the inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations is termed: a) autonomy b) human dignity c) integrity d)altruism | b) human dignity |
Acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted standards of practice is termed: a) autonomy b) human dignity c) integrity d)altruism | c) integrity |
Upholding moral, legal, and humanistic principles is termed? | social justice |
What are the 3 main activites involved in the process of placing value on something? | 1. Choosing 2. Prizing 3. Acting |
The systematic inquiry into principles of right and wrong conduct of virtue and vice, and of good and evil as they relate to conduct is termed? a) ethics b)values c)morals d)bioethics | a) ethics |
Personal or communal standards of right and wrong are termed: a) ethics b)values c)morals d)bioethics | c) morals |
Fields and disciplines grouped broadly under the rubric "the life sciences" is termed: a) ethics b)values c)morals d)bioethics | d) bioethics |
The branch of bioethics that is literally concerned with ehtical problems "at the bedside" is termed a) nursing ethics b) clinical ethics c) bedside ethics | b) clinical ethics |
Which subset of bioethics is concerned with the formal study of ethical issues that arise in the practice of nursing and the analysis used by nurses to make ethical judgments? a) nursing ethics b) clinical ethics c) bedside ethics | a) nursing ethics |
A husband who lies and tells his wife that her dress looks nice on her is utilizing what theory of ethics? a) utilitarian b) deontologic c) authoritatian | a) utilitarian |
A pro-life advocate who says that abortion is wrong reguardless of the reason for it, is utilizing what theory of ethics? a) utilitarian b) deontologic c) authoritatian | b) deontologic |
What are the 4 components of Beauchamp/Childress's principle-based approach to bioethics? | 1. Autonomy 2. nonmaleficence 3. beneficence 4. justice |
A nurse sees a patient watching a soap-opera and she changes it to the health station is violating which principal of bioethics? a) autonomy b) nonmaleficence c) beneficence d) justice e) fidelity | a) autonomy-respect the rights of the patient and let them make decisions |
A nurse who promises to bring the patient a pitcher of water, but gets busy and forgets; is violating what principle of bioethics? a) autonomy b) nonmaleficence c) beneficence d) justice e) fidelity | e) fidelity-keep promises |
A nurse who is too busy to lower the bed before she exits the room; is violating what principle of bioethics? a) autonomy b) nonmaleficence c) beneficence d) justice e) fidelity | b) nonmaleficence-avoid causing harm |
A nurse who always sees her homeless patient last, as he is not paying for healthcare like the others, is violating which principle of bioethics? a) autonomy b) nonmaleficence c) beneficence d) justice e) fidelity | d) justice-act fairly and distribute the benefits, risks, and costs of nursing care justly |
The natural ability to behave in an ethical way and to do the ethically right thing because it is the right thing to do; is termed? a) code of ethics b) morality c)moral agency d) ethical agency | d) ethical agency |
What are the 2 cheif reasons nurses cite for the declining quality of nursing care at their facilities? a)inadequate staffing b)poor upper management c) burnout d) decreased nurse satisfaction | a) inadequate staffing & d) decreased nurse satisfaction |
What is the difference between ethical dilemmas and ethical distress? | Ethical dilemma- you have to pick between 2+ different courses of action Ethical distress- you know the right thing to do but personal or institutional factors make it difficult to follow the correct course of action |
What groups of patients have special advocacy needs? | Those with: sensory impairment, do not speak english, are very young or very old, seriously ill, physically, mentally or emotionally impaired, those lacking finacial or human resources |
True/False: Nurses as advocates are in charge of making ethical decisions for their patients. | False: Instead, they facilitate patients' decision making. |
True/False: Research supports the fact that educated patients experience better health and have fewer complications then less educated patients. | True |
True/False: The basic purpose of teaching and counseling is to help patients become more independent from their families and nursing staff. | False: The basic purpose of teaching and counseling is to help patients and families develop the self-care abilities they need to maximize their functioning and quality of life. |
Which aim of nursing does hygiene, nutrition, and exercise fall under? a) Promoting health b) Preventing Illness c) Restoring Health d) Facilitating Coping | a)Promoting Health |
What are the 3 clinical areas that much of patient education focuses on? | 1. Preparation for receiving care 2. Preparation before discharge c) Documentation of pt education |
For Toddlers and preschoolers, is the heathcare teaching directed at the child or the parent? | The parent: although the child may have some degree of understanding about medical tests or procedures, health teaching continues to be directed toward the parents. |
The ability to use logical reasoning to solve hypothetical problems is what stage of Piagets development? | Formal Operations |
If a patient's intellectual development is delayed and they are able to use logical reasoning to solve concerte problems and think abstractly, what stage of Piagets development are they in? | Concrete operations |
The science of teaching children and adolescents is termed_________, while the science of teaching adults is termed________. a) pedagogy,andragogy b) andragogy,pedagogy c)pedagogy, gerigogy | a) pedagogy-kids,andragogy-adults |
True/False 10% of adults lack basic literacy skills needed to function successfully in our society. | False: 46-51% !!!! |
The ability to read and write is termed? | Literacy |
Learning the side effects of a new medication is termed: a) affective learning b) psychomotor learning c) cognitive learning | c) cognitive learning |
Learning how to do a dressing change through the integration of mental and muscular activity is termed: a) affective learning b) psychomotor learning c) cognitive learning | b) psychomotor learning |
A patient learning to value his health and have positive feelings towards his disease outcome is what type of learning? a) affective learning b) psychomotor learning c) cognitive learning | a) affective learning |
The patient is considered the____source of information while the patients chart is considered the_____source of information. a)secondary,primary b)primary,secondary c) main, primary | b)patient-primary, medical record-secondary |
What is needed before the nurse can involve family members in the teaching-learning process? a)doctor's order b)nurse's order c)social worker consult d) patient's permission | d) patient's permission |
Which 2 people, when planning and coordinating the implimentation of a plan constitutes team teaching? a) the nurse and the patient b) the patient and his family c) a nurse and another nurse | c) the nurse and another nurse |
True/False Duplicating teaching that has already been completed by other members of the healthcare team is encouraged as it acts to reinforce previously learned material. | False: It wastes time and causes frustration |
According the learning statistics, we remember__% of what we read and__% of what we say and do. a)80%,10% b)10%,30% c)10%,80% | c)10% of what we read and 80% of what we say and do |
True or False: A contractual agreement is a legally binding document in which two separate parties agree to complete an activity. | False: Contractual agreements are a pact between two people setting out mutually agreed-on-goals. The contracts are usually informal and not legally binding. |
True/False: It is better to plan for shorter, more frequent teaching sessions than for one or two longers sessions. | True: Short sessions allow patients to digest the new material and prevent them from becoming too tired or uncomfortable. |
What type of teaching occurs unplanned and deals with the patient's immediate learning needs and concerns? a) formal teaching b) informal teaching c)unplanned teaching | b) informal teaching |
What type of teaching is pre-planned and done to fulfill learner outcomes. a) formal teaching b) informal teaching c)unplanned teaching | a) formal teaching |
True/False Only formal teaching is effective. | False: Both forms are effective when used appropriately |
True/False Try to use accurate medical terms when speaking to the patient. These are adults and they need to be treated as so. | False: This will confuse the patient. Use terms they understand. If they have knowledge in the medical area then speak to them as so, but otherwise, cater your words to their level of education/knowledge. |
True/False: Undesirable behavior is usually best ignored; negative reinforcement is generally ineffective. | True! Use positive reinforcement for good behaviors/accomplishments or ignore undesirable behavior. |
True/False: It is best to evaluate one's own teaching effectiveness 1-2 days after the teaching session. | False: Evaluation should occur immediately after a teaching session. |
True/False Questionnaires should be used to evaluate a teaching session. | True |
Many women going through menopause need the assistance of a nurse when adjusting to the changes they experience. What type of crisis is this? a) situational b) menopausal c) developmental d) hormonal | c) developmental |
A nurse has taught a diabetic patient how to administer his daily insulin. The nurse should evaluate the teaching learning process by: a) allowing the patient to practice the new skill they learned b) deciding if the learning outcomes have been achieved | b) deciding if the learning outcomes have been achieved |
What is the difference between the integrated and unifying approach to the spiritual dimension? | The integrated approach model has four equal dimensions(bio-psycho-social-spiritual) which influence each other. The unifying approach involves the spiritual dimension grounding the bio-social-psycho dimensions. |
What are the 3 spiritual needs common to all religious traditions? | 1. Meaning and purpose 2. Love and belonging 3. Forgiveness |
Anything that pertains to a person's relationship with a nonmaterial life force or higher power is termed: a) religion b) faith c) spirituality | c) spirituality |
A confident belief in something for which there is no proof or material evidence is termed: a) religion b) faith c) spirituality | b) faith |
A person who denies the existence of God is a__ while a person who holds that nothing can be known about the existence of God is a___. a) agnostic, atheist b)atheist, agnostic c) atheist, protistant | b) atheist, agnostic |
True or False: We cannot be spiritually whole or spiritually healthy unless the need for love is met. | True |
Which religion beleives in "the Great Physician" which taught the Four Nable Truths about suffering. a) christian scientist b) church of jesus christ of latter day saints(mormons) c) buddhism d) daoism | c) buddhism |
Which religion denies the existence of health crises and believes that sickness and sin are errors of the human mind and not physical. a) Christian Scientist b) church of jesus christ of latter day saints(mormons) c) buddhism d) daoism | a) christian scientist |
Which religion believes in divine healing through the "laying on of hands"? a) christian scientist b) church of jesus christ of latter day saints(mormons) c) buddhism d) daoism | b) church of jesus christ of latter day saints(mormons) |
Which religion focuses on the appreciation of life and the desire to keep the body from untimely or unnecessary death? a) confucianism b) daoism c) hinduism d) Jehovah's witnesses | a) confucianism |
Which religion focuses on health as a manifestation of the harmony of the universe, obtained through the proper balancing of internal and external forces? a) christian scientist b) church of jesus christ of latter day saints c) buddhism d) daoism | d) daoism |
True/False: The courts have not supported the right of Jehovah Witness parents to refuse life-saving treatment for their child. | True |
Which religion allows only natural means of birth control and forbids abortion, euthanasia and sterilization? | Roman Catholicism |
A nurse avoid touching the lips while administering oral medication for which of the following religions? a) christian scientist b) church of jesus christ of latter day saints(mormons) c) Buddhism d) Hinduism | d) Hinduism |
Which religion does not allow for blood transfusions? a) christian scientist b) Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints(mormons) c) Jehovah's Witnesses d) Daoism | c) Jehovah's Witnesses |
True/False: The American Academy of Pediatrics is urging that all child abuse, neglect, and medical neglect statutes be applied without potential or actual exemption for religious beliefs. | True |
A patients inability to accept the death of his son is an example of what Spiritual Distress nursing diagnosis? a)pain b) alienation c) anxiety d) guilt e) anger f) loss g) despair | a) pain |
A woman that is beaten by her husband says "I guess God has forgotten and abondoned me"is an example of what Spiritual Distress nursing diagnosis? a)pain b) alienation c) anxiety d) guilt e) anger f) loss g) despair | b)alienation |
A man recently diagnosed with AIDS says" Does God hate me! Am I being punished!" is an example of what Spiritual Distress nursing diagnosis? a)pain b) alienation c) anxiety d) guilt e) anger f) loss g) despair | e) anger |
A man who lives alone says "No one would miss me if I died; it would prob be for the best" is an example of what Spiritual Distress nursing diagnosis? a)pain b) alienation c) anxiety d) guilt e) anger f) loss g) despair | g) despair |
A man diagnosed with cancer says" I don't get it,I pray and where is God when I need him! I am not going to pray anymore! is an example of what Spiritual Distress nursing diagnosis? a)pain b) alienation c) anxiety d) guilt e) anger f) loss | f) loss |
"My parents were Methodists, but when I left home for college I stopped going to church...there was always something else to do. I started going again but it never meant much: is an example of what Spiritual Distress nursing diagnosis? | Spiritual Anxiety |
You are least likely to encounter resistance to emergency lie-saving surgery for a patient from which of the following families? a) Christian Scientist family b) Faith Assembly Healer family c) Jehovah's Witness family d) Orthodox Jewish family | Orthodox Jewish family |
When assessment data point to a spiritual problem that can be treated by independent nursing intervention, it receives the NANDA- approved diagnosis label: a) Spiritual Alienation b) Spiritual Despair c) Spiritual Distress d) Spiritual Pain | c. Spiritual Distress: The only NANDA-approved nursing diagnosis amoung the options is Spiritual Distress. The other options may be further specifications of the broader diagnosis Spiritual Distress |
Who has prescriptive authority? Check all that apply: a) physicians b) dentists c) nurses d) CNAs e) podiatrists f) APRNs g) PAs h) respiratory therapists | a) physicians b) dentists e) podiatrists f) APRNs g) PAs |
Which name identifies a drug's active ingredient? a) generic name b) official name c) trade name d) chemical name | a) generic name |
Which name is a precise description of the drug's chemical composition? a) generic name b) official name c) trade name d) chemical name | d) chemical name |
By which name is a drug identified by in the offical publications? a) generic name b) official name c) trade name d) chemical name | b) official name |
Which drug name is selected by the drug company that sells the drug and is protected by trademark? a) generic name b) official name c) trade name d) chemical name | c) trade name |
Which drugs names should the nurse be familiar with? a) generic and trade b) chemical and generic c) trade and offical d) all 5 names | a) generic and trade |
Concerning plasma drug levels, what is the trough level? a)the highest blood plasma concentration of the drug b) the lowest plasma concentration of the drug c) the average sustained concentration of the drug | b) the lowest plasma concentration of the drug |
What is the primary site for drug metabolism? a) liver b) kidneys c) stomach d) intestines | a) liver |
In terms of drug metabolism, what is a cummulative effect? | When the body cannot metabolize one dose of a drug before another dose is administered. The drug is taken in more frequently than it is excreted, and each new dose increases the total quantity in the body. |
In a drug-drug interaction, the combined effect of 2+ drugs acting simutaneously can produces an effect > of each drug alone termed ______ or < than that of each drug alone termed _____. (teratogenic effect, antagonist effect, synergistic effect) | Antagonist- 2+ drugs produce an effect less then that of each drug alone; Synergistic effect- 2+ drugs produce an effect greater than that of each drug alone |
Drugs such as cocaine, alcohol and dilantin have a ____ effect are known to have the potential to cause developmental defects in the embryo or fetus and are definetely contraindicted. a) teratogenic effect b) antagonist effect c)synergistic effect | a)teratogenic |
True or false: In most settings, a student nurse is not permitted to accept a verbal order from a physician. | True |
Who determines the length of time an order for a narcotic remains valid? a) the doctor b) hospital policy c) state law d) pharmacy | c) state law |
Which system of measurement uses grains,minim, drams, ounces, pints, quarts, roman numerals, and fractions? a) Metric b) Apothecary c) Household | b) Apothecary |
How is the narcotic count performed in computerized narcotic dispensing systems? a) the nurse does it at the end of her shift b) no one does it; the computer does it automatically c) narcotic counts are not done: nurses are on the honor system | b) no one does it; the computer does it automatically; Unless the narcotic count is incorrect, computerized systems eliminate the need to manually check the narcotic count at specific intervals each day |
JCAHO states that at least __ patient identifier(s) must be used whenever administering patient medications. a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 | b) 2 |
When giving multiple meds to a patient: a) crush them together in one cup b) mix them all in apple sause and give in one spoonful if possible/safe c) give each med individually d) combine the smaller meds together, and give larger pills separatly | c) Give each med individually so that if one is refused or dropped, positive identification can be made and the drug can be recorded or replaced. |
True or False: Checking the patients mouth to see if a pill was swallowed is derogatory and makes the patient feel bullied so it should not be practiced. | False: Occasionally a patient may unintentionally or intentionally hide a medication in the mouth or "cheek" it. You should check their mouth. If it's an elderly patient and they cheek it, they may inadvertently choke on it later! |
What should you do if you need to administer 1/2 a tablet and it is not score? a) manually break it in half b) use a disignated sharp object or knife to score it manually then break it in half c) call pharmacy and get a scored tablet | c) call pharmacy and get a scored tablet; manually breaking an unscored tablem or scoring the tablet yourself can result in an inaccurate dose! Plus you should not be playing with knives :) |
Other than mixing it with a tasty food or drink, how would you minimize the bad flavor of an oily medication? Check all that apply: a) refrigerate it b) have pt suck on ice beforehand c) administer licocane spray to the mouth and tongue | a) refrigerate it- cold oil is less aromatic than oil at room temp. b) have pt suck on ice beforehand- the ice knumbs the taste buds |
When choosing a food or drink to mix with a child's medication, pick something the child really enjoys such as their favorite food or formula. True or False? | False: The item should not be an essential part of the child's diet, such as formula or the child's favorite food. The child may refuse to eat a food associated with medications. |
How would you facilitate swallowing in an older patient? a) put on the food network station b) massage their stomach c) plug their nose, and they will have to swallow to breath d) massage their laryngeal prominence | d) massage their laryngeal prominence; If you picked c, I am reporting you to JCAHO. |
When administering medication through an enteral feeding tube, what should the temperature of the medication be? a) hot b) cold c) room temp d) it doesn't matter | c) room temp; cold liquids may cause patient discomfort and odviously you don't want to risk burning the patient |
What's wrong here? A student nurse disconnects a patient's nasogastric tube from suction, flushes it with 30cc water, administers liquid medication at room temp, flushes it again with 30cc water and then reconnects the NG tube back up to suction. | The student should have kept the NG tube disconnected from the suction and clamped for 20-30 minutes after administering the medication to allow the med to absorb. |
A patient has tube feeding running at 40 cc/hr. You have an order for liquid Tylenol via the peg tube port. What needs to be checked prior to giving the medication? a)the pt's last bm b) if the drug is compatible with the tube feed c) the pt's BP | b) Compatability with the tube feeding; Absorption of some drugs is affected by tube feeding formulas. Discontinue a continuous tube feeding and leave the tube clamped for the required period of time before and after the medication has been given. |
Needle gauges are numbered 18 through 30. As the diameter of the needle increases, the gauge(or width of the needle) _____. a) increases b) decreases c) stays the same | b) decreases; So an 18-gauge needle is larger in diameter than a 30-gauge needle. |
What part of a needle don't need to be kept sterile during administration/preparation? a)inside of the barrel b)exterior of the needle hub c)inside of the barrel d) the part of the pluger that enters the barrel e)tip of the barrel f) needle | b) the exterior of the needle hub |
What should be done because of the risk of small glass shards falling into the ampule after snapping it open? a) pour ampule contents through a filter screen b)snap a filter over the top of the ampule c) use a filter needle | c) use a filter needle (I made up the rest of the choices!) |
True or False: When drawing fluid out of an ampule, DO NOT invert the ampule because the medication will run right out of the large opening you created when you snapped the top off the ampule. | False: The liquid will not flow out! It is magic! |
What must you avoid when drawing medication out of an ampule? a) touching the needle to the bottom of the ampule b) touching the needle to the liquid c) touching the needle to the rim of the ampule | c) touching the needle to the rim of the ampule contaminates the needle |
What should you do to facilitate removal of medication from an ampule? a) inject saline into the ampule b) inject heparin into the ampule c) inject air into the ampule d) inject cheese wiz into the ampule | c) inject air into the ampule |
How much air should you inject into an ampule to facilitate removal of the medication? | As much medication as you are going to draw out is how much air you will push in. So if you need 1 unit of insulin, push 1 unit of air into the insulin vial. |
What do you do if you have a prefilled syringe with 1.5 mL Lovenox but you have an MD order for 1mL Lovenox? a) don't use the prefilled syringe b) inject only the ordered 1mL then disguard the needle(with the remaining 0.5mL) c)eject excess medication | c) Most prefilled cartridges are overfilled; so eject the excess medication to give an exact dose and avoid a medication error. |
True or False: Always eject air from an needle as the air is harmful. | False: Some prefilled syringes or cartridges come with excess air. In some cases, this air should not be expelled before administering the medication. Lovenox is an example of a syringe where the air should not be expelled before administering. |
When mixing two drugs in one syringe, what would indicate an incompatibility? a) the solution remains clear b) the solution turns cloudy and forms a precipitate c) the solutions mix and you can't distinguish between the 2 different meds in the vial | b) the solution turns cloudy and forms a precipitate |
How are insulin syringes different then other syringes? a) they are calibrated in units b) they are made out of thicker plastic c) they hold more volume d) they are made out of glass | a) the are calibrated in units |
Where are subcutaneous injections administered into? a)the dermis b) the epidermis c) the muscle d) the adipose tissue | d) the adipose tissue |
Why do you massage the injection site after giving a shot? | You dont!!! Massaging the site is not necessary and can damage underlying tissue and increase the absorption of the medication. |
Why would you particularly not massage the injection site after administering heparin? a) it will inactivate the drug b) it will cause a chemical reaction c) it will cause itching and a rash d) it can contribute to hematoma formation | d) it can contribute to hematoma formation |
What is the most common site used to administer heparin? a) deltoid muscle b) outer middle third of the thigh c) vastus lateralis d) abdomen | d) abdomen |
What area of the abdomen must be avoided when administering and injection? a) the sides of the abdomen b) the 2" aroung the umbilicus and the belt line c) the belt line and 6" around the umbilicus d) the abdomen should not be used for injections | b) the 2" aroung the umbilicus and the belt line |
Where on the vastus lateralis should you administer injections? a) outer middle third b) the inner middle third c) the outer upper third d) the outer lower third | a) the outer middle third |
Who are appropriate candidates for using the deltoid muscle for an injection site? a) adults b) adults and children c) adults,children and babies | a) adults; The deltoid muscle is not developed well enough in infants and children to absorb medications adequately |
What site is no longer recommended for injection due to reported significant injury, pain, and paralysis? a) vastus lateralis b) deltoid muscle c) dorsogluteal d) biceptsfemoris | c) dorsogluteal |
Bolus medications should be administered AT LEAST over how much time? a) 10 seconds b) 30 seconds c) 1 minute d) 5 minutes | c) At least one minute; however exact administration times should be confirmed by consulting a pharmacist or drug reference. |
What is an inunction? a)mixing a medication into a suppository b) mixing a medication with alcohol c) mixing a medication with saline d) mixing a medication in an ointment or agent | d) mixing a medication in an ointment or agent; The medication is then rubbed onto the skin for absorption. |
When properly placed, eye medication disks: a) are covered by the lower lid b) are covered by the upper lid c) are centered on the cornea d) migrate behind to the back of the eye near the optic nerve attachment site. | a) are covered by the lower lid |
What if a patient who wears contact lenses needs to use an eye medication disk? a) they have to remove their contacts while the disk is in place b) they can continue to wear their contacts with the disk in place | b) they can continue to wear their contacts with the disk in place |
When do most medication errors occur? Check all that apply. a) with student nurses b)on admission to a hospital c) at transfer from one department to another d) while in the ER d) at discharge home or to another facility | Most medication errors occur at point of transition in care such as: b) on admission to a hospital c) at transfer from one department to another d) at discharge home or to another facility |
The name selected and protected by the pharmaceutical company selling the drug and protected by trademark is the drug's a) chemical name b) generic name c) official name d) trade name | d) trade name |
Put the following steps in order following the administration of a wrong medication: Notify and physician and nurse manager; Check the patients condition; Write a description of the error on the patients medical record. | 1. Check the patients condition immediately when the error is noted: observe for the development of adverse effects related to the error 2) Notify the nurse manager and the physician 3) Write a description of the error on the patients medical record |