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Chapter 7-Ethnicity
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ethnicity | refers to a group of people who share a common identity. |
| ethnic islands | small rural areas settled by a single ethnic group rather than ethnic neighborhoods or enclaves which are urban |
| ethnic neighborhoods | concentration of a certain ethnicity in certain pockets of the city |
| syncetrism | the development of a new cultural trait as a result of the fusion of two distinct but interacting cultures. |
| ethnic provinces | when entire regions become associated with ethnic or racial aggregations. |
| charter group | the first ethnic group to establish cultural norms in an area. |
| ethnic enclaves | A relatively small area occupied by a distinct culture or ethnicity which largely results from chain migration |
| diaspora | experiences of people who come from a common ethnic background but live in different regions or ethnic neighborhoods |
| ethnic cleansing and genocide | cleansing involves the effort to rid a country or region of everyone of a particular ethnicity either through forced migration or genocide |
| social distance | Measure of the perceived differences between an immigrant ethnic group and the charter group or host society |
| Triangular slave trade | an efficient triangular trading pattern. Ships left Europe for Africa with cloth and other trade goods used to buy slaves. Then they transported slaves and golds from Africa to the Western Hemisphere. |
| sharecropper | works fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent by turning over to the landowner a share of crops. |
| racism | belief that race is the primary determinant of of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race. |
| racist | a person who subscribes to the beliefs of racism |
| blockblusting | real estate agents convinced white homeowners living near a black area to sell their homes at low prices, preying on their fears that black families would soon move into the neighborhood and cause property values to decline. |
| Apartheid | physical separation of different races into different geographic areas. |
| nationality | identity with a group of people who share legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular country. |
| self-determination | concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves |
| nation-state | state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transported into a nationality |
| nationalism | loyalty and devotion to a nationality |
| centripetal force | attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state |
| multi-ethnic state | a state that contains more than one ethnicity |
| multinational states | contain two ethnic groups with traditions of self determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities. |
| balkanization | the process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities |
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