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Chapter 7 Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Syncretism | The development of a new cultural trait as a result of the fusion of two distinct but interacting cultures. |
Ethnicity | Refers to a group of people who share a common identity. |
Charter Group | The first ethnic group to establish cultural norms in an area. |
Ethnic Neighborhoods | Concentrations of people from the same ethnicity in certain pockets of the city. When ethnic groups are forced to live in a segregated parts of the city, the neighborhood becomes a "ghetto." |
Ethnic Cleansing and Genocide | Cleansing involves the effort to rid a country or region of everyone of a particular ethnicity either through forced migration or genocide. Genocide is a premeditated effort to kill everyone from a particular ethnic group. |
Ethnic Islands | Small, rural areas settled by a single ethnic group as opposed to ethnic neighborhoods or enclaves, which are urban. These people leave their imprint in rural areas through housing, barn style, and farmstead layouts. |
Ethnic Provinces | When entire regions become associated with ethnic or racial aggregations. |
Social Distance | Measure of the perceived differences between an immigrant ethnic group and the charter or host society. |
Diaspora | Experiences of people who come from a common ethnic background but live in different regions or ethnic backgrounds. |
Ethnic Enclaves | A relatively small area occupied by a distinct culture or ethnicity, which largely result from chain migration. Eases the adaption process by providing business opportunities, community, and cultural items and traditions from home like food and clothes. |
Apartheid System | The physical separation of different races into different geographic areas. |
Balkanization | The process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities, as a threat to peace throughout the world, not just a small area. |
Balkanized | Describes a small geographic area that could not successfully be organized into one or more stable states because it was inhabited by many ethnicities with complex, long-standing antagonisms toward each other. |
Blockbusting | A process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that black families will soon move into the neighborhood. |
Centripetal Force | An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state. |
Ethnicity | Identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth. |
Ethnic Cleansing | Process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region. |
Multi-Ethnic State | A state that contains more than one ethnicity. |
Multinational State | Contains two ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities. |
Nationalism | Loyalty and devotion to a nationality. |
Nationality | Identity with a group of people who share legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular country. |
Nation-state | A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality. |
Race | Identity with a group of people who share a biological ancestor. |
Racism | Which is the belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race. |
Racist | A person who subscribes to the beliefs of racism. |
Self-Determination | The concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves. |
Sharecropper | Works fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent by turning over to the landowner a share of the crops. |
Triangular Slave Trade | A practice, primarily during the eighteenth century, in which European ships transported slaves from Africa to Caribbean Islands, molasses from the Caribbean to Europe, and trade goods from Europe to Africa. |