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RSPT chp 13 asthma
asthma and copd
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are some symptoms of asthma | Cough, chest tightness, shortness of breath, wheezing in order of progression |
| What are some triggers of asthma | Allergens, irritants, weather changes, viral or sinus infection, exercise, herd, medications/food, emotional anxiety |
| What are some allergens | Pollens, molds, animal dander, house dust mites, cockroach droppings |
| What is an allergen | Effect only people allergic to that substance |
| What is an irritants | Effect everyone if the dose is high enough |
| What are some irritants | Tobacco smoke, wood smoke, chemicals in the air, ozone, perfumes, household cleaners, cooking fumes, paints or varnishes |
| what are some occupational irritants | Vapors, dust, gases, fumes |
| What are some other common causes of asthma | Viral and sinus infections, exercise, reflux disease herd, medications (NSAIDS) and beta blockers, emotional anxiety |
| What are the types of medications that help with asthma symptoms | Antihistamines, decongestants, anti inflammatory agents, anti leukotriene's, bronchodilators, anticholinergics |
| What are the 3 types of medications that are used as anti inflammatory agents | Mast cell stabilizers, corticosteroids, bronchodilators |
| What are the classes of bronchodilators available | Beta-agonist bronchodilators, methylxanthines, anticholingergics |
| methylxanthines | 8-12 MC/dl therapeutic effects anymore you can be toxic. This is the PDE inhibitors such as theophylline, aminophylline, theobromide |
| Rescue meds | Are there for when you have symptoms |
| Maintenance meds | When you don't have symptoms and are there for control |
| anticholinergic | Block the veal nerve in bronchoconstriction, can be used alone or along with bronchodilators examples are atrovent, Spiriva (tiotropium bromide) these are better for COPD rather than asthma |
| What are the 6 goals for the effective management of ashtma | Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, maintain normal breathing, maintain normal activity levels including exercise, prevent recurrent asthma flare UPS and minimize the need for emergency room, provide optimal medication therapy with no or minimal eff |
| What are the 4 categories of asthma | Mild intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent, severe persistent |
| What are the signs of mild intermittent | <= 2 days a week, <= 2 nights a month, PEF <= 80%, PEF variability <20% |
| What are the signs of mild persistent | >2 days a week, >2 nights a month, PEV or FEV1 >80%, PEF variability 20-30% |
| What are the signs of moderate persistent | Daily symptoms, >1 night/week, PEV or FEV1 60-80%, PEF variability >30% |
| What are the signs of severe persistent | Continual symptoms, night symptoms are frequent, PEF or FEV1 <60% PEF variability >30% frequent exacerbations |
| What are rules of 2 for asthma meds telling you ur asthma is not under control. | You use a rescue inhaler more than 2 times a week, you awaken at night with asthma symptoms more than 2 times a month, you use more than 2 canisters a year of rescue meds |
| What are quick relief medications | Short acting b2 agonist, inhaled anticholingerics, short acting theophylline, epinephrine/ adrenaline injection |
| Long term asthma meds | corticosteroids, tablets or syrup steroids, mast cell stabilizers, long acting b2 agonist, sustained release tablets, sustained release methylaxanthines, antileukotriens, |
Created by:
pearlekg
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