Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
NADN 2120: HIV/AIDS
HIV and AIDS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Virus which attacks immune system in humans | HIV |
| Medical condition in which the immune system is too weak to fight infections | AIDS |
| 1.2 million people in the US are living with _______. 50,000 new ______ are diagnosed each year. | HIV Infection |
| Almost 1 in 5 are unaware of being infected with _____. | HIV |
| Gay, bisexual, and MSM are most affected group. Accounts for 61% of all new infections. | HIV |
| Young black/AA MSM are most seriously affected group with ________ | HIV |
| Unless the course of the epidemic changes, at some point in their lifetime, an estimated 1 out 16 black men and 1 out of 32 black women will be diagnosed with ______. | HIV |
| Blood, vaginal secretions, seminal fluid, amniotic fluid, and breastmilk are body fluids known to transmit _________ | HIV |
| Mother-to-child transmission of HIV may occur in utero, at the time of delivery, or through breastfeeding, but most are thought to occur ________. | During delivery |
| Inflammation/breaks in the skin/mucosa _________ probability that HIV exposure will lead to _________. | Increase Infection |
| What are some ways HIV CANNOT be spread? | Sharing food, kissing, hugging, swimming pools, toilet seats, bed linens, doorknobs, shaking hands, living and working with an infected person, towels, combs, mosquitoes and other insects |
| What are three examples of health promotion regarding HIV? | Consistent and correct use of condoms (latex). Needle exchange programs. Encourage abstinence. |
| CDC developed ___________ to be used with all patients, regardless of infectious status. | Standard Precautions |
| Post-exposure prophylaxis includes reporting, testing, __________, and ___________. | Prophylactic medication Psychosocial support |
| Risk of developing HIV infection from a needle stick with infected blood is about 1 in _____ without prompt __________ treatment. | 300 Antiretroviral |
| Risk of developing HIV increases with deep punctures, hollow bore needles, blood on the needle, and ________ from the source. | High Viral Load |
| HIV infection risk for mucous membrane exposure is 1 in ______. | 9000 |
| Most importantly, immediately following an HIV exposure, you should 1)__________ and 2)______. | Wash and rinse Report it |
| Think of HIV as an intracellular _________ | Parasite |
| HIV is caused by a ___________ that infects and depletes the _______ . | Retrovirus T cells |
| The retrovirus is an ______ virus that replicates in a host cell. | RNA |
| The RNA virus frequently __________ and makes med regimen very difficult. | Mutates |
| The RNA transcripts into DNA and is integrated into the host genetic material through ___________. | Reverse Transcription |
| Once the RNA virus enters the body, it attaches to _____ molecules, which are a type of ______ and further infects the body. | CD4 T cell |
| With progressive invasion of HIV, cellular and humoral immunity declines and ___________ infections develop. | Opportunistic |
| CD4 is found on the mature __________. | Helper T Cells |
| 65% of T cells in the blood are _____ cells. | CD4 |
| CD4 is a member of the __________ family. | Immunoglobulin |
| CD4 has 4 external domains which are comprised of __________. | Protein |
| Acute (primary) infection is the ______ stage of HIV | First (Acute) Stage |
| During which stage of HIV are large amounts of the virus being produced in the body? | First (Acute) Stage |
| In the first stage of ______, many, but not all, people develop flu-like symptoms often described as "the worst flu of my life". | HIV |
| Normal CD4 count is __________ cells/mm3 | 500-1500 cells/mm3 |
| Latency is the _________ stage of HIV infection. | Second (Latent) Stage |
| During this stage, HIV reproduces at very low levels, although it is still active. May not have symptoms. May remain in this stage for several decades with treatment. Without treatment, about 10 years. | Second (Latent) Stage |
| People are typically in what stage of HIV when diagnosed | Second (Latent) Stage |
| What CD4 count is considered to be in latency phase of HIV? | CD4 count of 200-499 |
| What is the third stage of HIV? | AIDS |
| Without treatment, people in the third stage of HIV typically survive _____ years. | Three |
| What is the CD4 count and stage of HIV when: Significant opportunist infection occur, eligible for disability, life span decreases to 3 years or less | CD4 count <200 AIDS |
| What are three ways to test for HIV? Which is most accurate? | Mouth swab Urine Blood Sample (Most accurate) |
| First test ran to detect HIV. Can have initial negative result. Takes up to two weeks for results. | Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) |
| Test after positive EIA. Used to confirm HIV. Takes up to two weeks for results. | Western Blot |
| Track _________ to see what effects meds are having. Decrease in this could mean delay to stage three. | Viral Load |
| Gives picture of general health. Higher levels is what is desired. | CD4 Count |
| General picture of overall health. Common test ran for multiple other diagnoses/purposes. | CBC |
| Only FDA approved HIV home test. Results in 20 minutes. Use in home and OB when quick confirmation. | OraQuick Advance |
| Reduce HIV morbidity, prolong duration and quality of survival, restore and preserve immunologic function, suppress HIV viral load, and prevent HIV transmission are all goals for initiating ______. | ART |
| Art leads to _______HIV replication and _____ CD4 counts. | Decreased Increased |
| Term for redistribution syndrome | Lipodystrophy |
| 80% of patients will develop this without prophylactic treatment. | Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) |
| If left untreated, PCP will lead to respiratory failure and death in a matter of ______ days. | 2 to 3 |
| PCP is a ______ infection that proliferates in the alveoli causing consolidation | Fungal |
| Term for "full of fluid" | Consolidation |
| CXR of person with PCP will show bilateral patchy _______. | Infiltrates |
| What are ways of diagnosing PCP? | CXR, Sputum culture or bronchoscopy, blood tests and possible biopsy of lung |
| What are ways of treating PCP? | Antifungals, steroids, RT, O2, rest |
| Another term for wasting | Cachexia |
| Involves endothelial layer of blood and lymphatic vessels. Localized or systemic lesions that involve multiple organs. Diagnosed by cutaneous biopsy. Associated with low CD4 count. Deep purple to brown. | Kaposi's Sarcoma |
| Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, lymphoma to brain, bone marrow, GI tract. Diagnosed via biopsy. Very aggressive and tend to resist chemo. | Malignancies/Lymphomas |
| Most common neurological disorder. Pain and numbness in extremities, weakness, and functional impairment. | Peripheral Neuropathy |
| HIV Encephalopathy is also known as ________. | AIDS Dementia |
| Gradual decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor function. Memory deficits, HA, difficulty concentrating. Progressive confusion and psychomotor slowing. Apathy and ataxia. | HIV Encephalopathy (AIDS Dementia) |
| Cryptococcus Neoformans is a fungal infection that can lead to_________. | Meningitis |
| Results in demyelination to the CNS. Mental confusion, blindness, aphasia, paralysis, and death. | Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy |
| Leading cause of blindness in person with AIDS. | CMV Retinopathy (Retinitis) |
| The attempt to block or suppress viral replication within cells. Use a cocktail of 3 or 4 meds. | Antiretroviral Therapy |
| Malnutrition increases risk for __________. | Infection |
| _______are tailored to the individual for nutritional therapy. | Calorie Counts |
| Ideal diet for HIV patient is what? | High calorie, easily digested, protein, low-fat, inexpensive, doesn't produce gas or diarrhea |
Created by:
mreedy
Popular Nursing sets