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El-103/106
Integumentary System/Biology of Hair Growth-HI
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When selecting a needle size, how do you determine which needle thickness to use? | The needle should be the same thickness as the hair |
| What is the innermost layer of the hair that is composed of round cells and found only in terminal hairs?(not found in vellus hairs) | Medulla |
| This is the 2nd layer of hair and is composed of elongated cells that gives the hair strength and elasticity. | Cortex |
| This is the outer most layer of hair that consist of hard, flattened, horny scales which overlap one another. This layer helps protect the hair and anchors the hair into the follicle. | Hair Cuticle |
| Name the three layers of the hair. | 1.) Medulla 2.) Cortex 3.) Cuticle |
| This hair is deep-seated, coarse and can be found on the scalp, arms, under arms, legs, groin and on the face, chest and back of men. | Terminal hair |
| Name the 7 functions of the skin. | 1.) Protection 2.) Heat regulation 3.) Respiration 4.) Absorption 5.) Sensation 6.) Elimination 7.) Vitamin D Synthesis |
| What are the motor nerve fibers in the skin attached to? | The hair follicles |
| What detects heat, cold, touch, pressure and pain? | Sensory nerve fibers |
| Which glands serve to eliminate waste and help control body temperature? | Sudoriferous glands (sweat glands) |
| Name the two types of sweat glands. | 1.) Eccrine 2.) Apocrine |
| This sweat gland opens onto the surface of the skin and can be found all over the body, especially the palms of hands and soles of feet. It secretes mainly water and waste and plays an important role in heat regulation. | Eccrine gland |
| This sweat gland opens into follicles and can be found in the axilla and genital area. It secretes a milky/fatty substance that has a foul odor once mixed with bacteria on the skin. It is also thought to excrete pheromones. | Apocrine gland |
| This gland opens into the follicle or pore and secretes a substance called sebum. Vellus hair always begins its growth from this gland. | Sebaceous gland (oil gland) |
| This is an oily substance that helps lubricate the skin and hair. It helps keep skin in tact and prevents the skin from losing moisture. | Sebum (oil) |
| This is the study of hair. | Trichology |
| Excess hair on the body such as arms, legs, chest and back. | Hypertrichosis |
| Excessive hair growth on the face and body of a woman, that is characteristic of the male pattern hair growth. Only women can have this condition. | Hirsutism |
| Name the three structures that make up the pilosebaceous unit. | 1). Sebaceous gland 2.) Arrector pili muscle 3.) Hair/follicle/papilla |
| This is a small, involuntary muscle that is attached to the hair follicle and lifts the hair giving the appearance of "goose flesh" or "goose bumps". This muscle is involved with heat regulation. | Arrector pili muscle |
| This is a thick, club shaped structure with an enlarged base forming the lower part of the hair root that encapsulates the papilla. | Hair bulb |
| This is a cone shaped elevation located at the bottom of the hair that fits into the hair bulb. It consists of blood vessels and nerves that feed and nourish the hair. | Papilla |
| Name the four types of hair. | 1.) Lanugo 2.) Vellus 3.) Intermediate/accelerated vellus hair 4.) Terminal |
| This is soft, downy hair found all over the body on men, women and children. It is also called "peach fuzz". | Vellus |
| Hair, arrector pili muscle, nails, sebaceous glands and sudoriferous glands are all examples of what? | Appendages of the skin |
| Where does the skin and its appendages receive nourishment from? | The blood vascular system |
| This is considered to be the largest organ of the body. | The skin |
| What do you call the most superficial or outermost layer of the skin? | Epidermis |
| Which type of keratin will you find in the skin? | Soft keratin |
| Which type of keratin will you find in the nails and hair? | Hard keratin |
| This is a protein substance that protects the skin and is found in the hair and epidermis of the skin. | Keratin |
| Which layer of the skin is called "cuticle" or "scarf skin"? | Epidermis |
| Name the 5 layers of the epidermis. | 1.) Stratum Corneum 2.) Stratum Lucidum 3.) Stratum Granulosum 4.) Stratum Spinosum 5.) Statrum Germinativum (Stratum basale, basal layer) |
| This is the outermost layer of the epidermis and is constantly shedding and replacing itself. | Stratum Corneum |
| This is the 2nd layer of the epidermis, found only in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet where skin is the thickest. (not found in thin skin) | Stratum Lucidum |
| This is the 3rd layer of the epidermis, also called the granular layer, and consists of keratohyalin granules. | Stratum Granulosum |
| This layer lies below the stratum granulosum and is also called the prickle cell layer. This layer contains Langerhan's cells. | Stratum Spinosum |
| These cells are found in the stratum spinosum and provide an immunological protection and are considered to be the skin's first line of defense. | Langerhan's cells |
| This is the 5th or bottom layer of the epidermis that contains melanocytes and where cell division takes place. | Stratum Germinativum (stratum basale or basal layer) |
| These cells are found in the Stratum Germinativum of the Epidermis and the hair's matrix where they produce a substance called melanin. | Melanocytes |
| This is pigment that gives color to hair, skin, and eyes while also protecting the skin against harmful UV rays. | Melanin |
| This is a single cell layer that is found between the stratum spinosum and the stratum germinativum | Stratum Mucosum |
| This layer is the combination of the stratum mucosum and the stratum germinativum. | The malpighian layer |
| What are the three main layers of the skin? | 1.) Epidermis 2.) Dermis 3.) Subcutaneous layer |
| What are the two layers that make up the dermis? | 1.) Papillary layer 2.) Reticular layer |
| What do you call the skin layer that gives strength, form and flexibility? | Dermis |
| "True skin", Derma, Corium, and Cutis Vera are all terms that refer to which layer of the skin? | Dermis |
| This layer of the dermis is located directly underneath the epidermis and is made up of elastic, collagenous and reticular fibers that are cone shaped, finger like projections called papillae. | Papillary layer |
| This layer of the dermis is considered to be the thickest layer and it is composed of dense bundles of collagen fibers, elastin fibers and connective tissue. | Reticular layer |
| This layer lies below the dermis and is composed of fatty adipose tissue which acts as a cushion of the upper skin layers. | Subcutaneous layer |
| Which function of the skin prevents damage from the sun or invasion of bacteria? | Protection |
| Which function of the skin regulates body temperature? | Heat regulation |
| Which function of the skin allows the transfer of small amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide? | Respiration |
| This body system refers to the structure of the human skin and consists of various layers and appendages. | Integumentary system |
| What is the most important skin characteristic? | Moisture content |
| Where are the most sensitive areas on the face, head, and body? | Center lines |
| When a patient has a high pain threshold or are insensitive, it is easy to do what? | Over treat follicle |
| When you tweeze an ingrown hair from an infected follicle, you can make the situation ____. | Worse |
| Which function of the skin allows for penetration of certain topical products? | Absorption |
| Which function of the skin allows the body to get rid of waste? | Elimination |
| Which function of the skin allows you to detect, heat, cold and pain? | Sensation |
| If your client has been recently tweezing, what growth stage will most of their hairs be in? | Anagen |
| Which hairs are more deeply rooted and more difficult to epilate? | Gray and red hairs |
| The degree of follicle curvature is related to what? | The flatness of the hair |
| What do you call the microscopic study of tissues? (including the skin) | Histology |
| What do you call something that is attached to an entity of great importance or size? Ex: sebaceous glands, sudoriferous glands, nails, hair, arrector pili muscle | Appendage |
| Subcutis, adipose tissue, fatty tissue, sub dermis and hypodermis are all referring to which layer of the skin? | Subcutaneous layer |
| What do you call the section of the hair that is visible above the skin's surface? | Hair shaft |
| What do you call fine, downy hair that can be found on infants in utero or at birth. It is also called "fetal hair". | Lanugo hair |
| What do you call hair that lies midway between the extremes of vellus and terminal hair? Also called "accelerated vellus hair". | Intermediate hair |
| This is an indentation or extension of the epidermis. | Hair follicle |
| The hair takes its shape, size and direction from what structure? | Hair follicle |
| Hairs that are round in shape will have what kind of hair? | Straight hair |
| Hairs that are oval in shape will have what kind of hair? | Wavy hair |
| Hairs that are flat in shape will be what kind of hair? | Curly/kinky hair |
| The "coarseness" or "fineness" of a hair is referring to what characteristic of the hair? | Texture of the hair |
| What do you call a congenital condition in which the person has no color or pigment in their skin, hair, and eyes? | Albinism |
| What is the average rate of hair growth on the body? | 1/2 inch per month |
| The hair growth stages can be remembered by using which acronym? | ACT |
| What do you call the hair's active growth phase? | Anagen |
| What do you call the hair's transitional phase? | Catagen |
| What do you call the hair's resting phase? | Telogen |
| What do you call the lower section of the hair bulb where mitotic cells are found? | Matrix |
| Where does cell division take place in the hair? | Matrix |
| Which stage of terminal hair growth will have the deepest follicle? | Advanced stage of Anagen |
| What is the technical term for the "advanced stage of Anagen"? | Anagen-6 |
| In which skin layer will you find blood vessels, oil glands, and sweat glands? | Dermis |
| What is the primary purpose of hair? | Protection and adorning the head |
| Which growth stage must your hair be in to determine how deep to insert your probe? | Anagen (6) |
| When inserting the probe, should you insert above or below the hair? | Below the hair |
| When your client complains of a "sticking" sensation while you are inserting your probe, you may have done what? | Made an improper insertion |
| What must you do in the beginning of treatment to determine how deep you should be inserting your probe? | Depth gauge/hair depth |
| Which natural hair color is the most deeply rooted and most difficult to epilate? | Red hair |
| This is the thickest layer of the hair and this is where you will find melanin or pigment. | Cortex |
| Which gland is not part of the pilosebaceous unit? | Sudoriferous gland |
| What is another name for the Stratum Corneum? | Horny layer |
| Where, on the body, is skin the thickest? | Palm of hands and soles of feet |
| This layer gives contour to the body, protects against blunt trauma, and acts as an insulator. | Adipose tissue |
| How many layers are in the Epidermis? | 5 |
| In what hair growth stage does the club hair begin to form? | Catagen |
| Which hair growth stage is also called a club hair? | Telogen |
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