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Nutrition final
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Name three possible causes of obesity | 1. Eat too much 2. Exercise too little 3. Hormones |
Name four places we store energy | 1. Fat (adipose) 2. Liver (Glycogen) 3. Muscle (Glycogen) 4. Stomach |
What causes hunger? | |
Does exercise cause weight loss? Why or why not? | |
Compare and contrast balanced underfeeding studies and a protein sparking modified fast | |
How could weight gain protect us from diabetes? | |
Is ketosis dangerous? Why or why not? | |
Name four hidden epidemics behind the obesity epidemic | 1. 2. 3. 4. |
What is resiliency? | The capacity to recover quickly |
What is the idea behind antifragility? | Drop something and makes is stronger, beyond resiliency |
What is the subtractive treatment? | Overcoming obstacles to cure, becoming less of a "consumer" |
What is the additive treatment? | Supplementing beyond needs and understanding, becoming the "Consumer American" |
Name 5 habits of healthy eaters | 1. Water 2. Limit sugar 3. Limit animal fats 4. increase fish and nuts 5. whole foods close kitchen after dinner plan |
Why is animal protein considered wasteful consumption? | COST of animal protein production |
What is the significance of nitrogen in protein? | Protein contains N, N produced as a waste product (UREA), but N needed for synthesis of AA |
What 2 things determine the quality of protein? | Amino acid composition Digestibility |
What does the term Complementary Protein mean and its significance? | combination of proteins = adequate amounts of AAs doesn't have to be consumed at same meal as long as days meals supply them all |
Name three possible fates of AMINO ACIDS AFTER intestinal absorption | 1. Oxidize (for energy) 2. REASSEMBLE them into body protein 3. FORM other N containing compounds |
Explain the equation: Dietary protein intake = fecal loss + urinary loss | Dietary proteins (80g) = Fecal loss(10g) + Urinary loss (70g) |
Compare and contrast the 3 N waste products | 1. Ammonia 2. UREA 3. Uric Acid |
What is the US RDA FOR PROTEIN INTAKE? | .8g/kg of desirable body weight |
What factors decrease protein requirements? | Liver, Kidney, GI Dx. *think person going through kidney dialysis has to have LOW LOW protein diet |
What factors increase need for protein requirements? | Infancy, pregnancy, lactation, increased need during increased synthesis or increased degradation: growth, trauma, fasting, burns, stress, psychological stress |
What factors overall decrease or increase protein requirements? | METABOLISM PHYSICAL ACTIVITY SEVERE STRESS |
Pros and Cons of soy protein | Pros: tempe and miso (fermented) Cons: phytoestrogens and phytates |
What were the results of year long meat diet? | Mentally alert, physically active, lost weight during 1st wk &maintained, BP was constant or lowered, normal BMs - diarrhea if protein was greater thn 40%, vit.def did not appear, acidity of urine was 3x that of mixed diets, no kidney dm, no ill effects! |
What is the difference between animal and plant protein? | Animal protein has higher N load more than plant protein, animal protein used up more rapidly bc like body protein - plant = not as many AAs, not as much protein per servg. |