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Pharm Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following drugs, injected by IV, would produce a response similar to the profile obtained with injecting the combo of prazosin and epi | Isoproterenol |
| How does cocaine and tricyclic antidepressants work | block reuptake of NE into the synapse |
| Regular use of drugs like terbutaline and metaproterenol can result in | decreased effectiveness due to receptor down regulation |
| Which of the following drugs would antagonize the effects of non-selective beta adrenergic agonist | propanolol |
| Drug used to suppress premature labor | Ritodrine |
| What is not true of NE | useful to increase the duration of some local anesthesia |
| Which of the following adrenoreceptor antagonists will reduce responses mediated by both alpha and beta receptors | Lebetalol |
| A diabetic patient suddenly developed hypoglycemia. The patient had be taking a drug that decreased the ability of the patient to feel some warning signs such as tachycardia and palpitation. The drug was most likely | Metoprolol |
| What is the mechanism of B1 receptors | increase cAMP |
| Administration of a beta-1 selective antagonist will affect all the following except | peripheral vascular resistance |
| Which of the following drugs, when administered intravenously, can decrease blood flow to the skin, increase blood flow to skeletal muscle, and increase the force of contraction | epinephrine |
| Which of the following drugs could cause bradycardia and with an overdose could cause cardiac arrest | Propranolol |
| A patient in your dentist's chair exhibits a sinus tachycardia at a rate of 165bpm. He tells you he has been taking a lot of amphetamine to stay awake. If a B-adrenergic receptor antagonist is used, which of the following could result | increased BP (??) |
| Stimulation of the following receptor would be most useful in a patient with nasal congestion | alpha-1 |
| Which of the following actions of epinephrine would be antagonized by prozasin but not propanolol | Mydriasis |
| What is the typical treatment of asthma | Albuterol |
| What is not indicated for treatment of acute asthma | Salmeterol |
| One of the possible complications for this drug is postural hypotension | non-selective alpha antagonist |
| What is a short acting beta blocker | esmolol |
| Which one of these can cause reflex bradycardia | alpha-1 agonist |
| How does Clonidine work? | it is an alpha-2 receptor agonist that inhibits NE and sympathetic tone |
| The following drug class was initially contraindicated in patients with heart failure, but now is a standard treatment | beta-1 anagonits (??) |
| Which is an example of a polyene | Nystatin |
| Which is used as a 'swish or swallow' for treating candida | Nystatin |
| Which prevents lanosterol and synthesis of ergosterol | Azole |
| Interferes with RNA and protein synthesis | Flucytosine |
| Which is a nucleoside inhibitor of reverse transcriptase | Zidovudine |
| Which is an integrase inhibitor | Raltegravir |
| Which is a protease inhibtor | Indinavir |
| Which is a CCR5 inhibitor | Maraviroc |
| What is a neuraminidase inhibitor | Oseltamvir (Tamiflu) |
| What is used to treat HepB | interferon alpha2B |
| Which is converted to a triphosphate compound that can inhibit DNA synthesis | Acyclovir |
| Which is used to treat recurrent mucosal and cutaneous herpes | Acyclovir |
| What is included in the standard of care for Hep C | Ribavirin (or Boceprevir is possible answer) |
| How does Sofosbuvir work | prevent replication of viral DNA |
| Dose of amoxicillin for patient with IE | 2g |
| Dose of azithromycin for patient with IE | 500mg |
| Predisposing to endocarditis except | mitral valve prolapse |
| Dose of amoxicllin in joint replacement patients | 2g |
| Beta lactam used to treat early stage odontogenic infections | amoxicllin |
| Beta lactamase stable if suspect resistance | Augmentin |
| Risk of increasing adverse effect of statin drugs to cause rhabdomyolysis | Clarithromycin |
| Decrease effectiveness of penicillin when taken together | Tetracycline |
| Amount of Penicillin VK that undergoes metabolism | 10-30% |
| Antipseudomonal Penicillin | Piperacillin |
| Cephalosporin that can diffuse through porins | Cefactor |
| 1st generation cephalosporin | Cephalexin |
| Beta lactam that inhibits final transpeptidation step | Aztreonam |
| Action that depends on absence of oxygen | Metronidazole |
| Competitive inhibitor of bacterial PABA | sulfonamide drugs |
| Causes hearing loss | Tobramycin |
| Binds to 30s and 50s to cause aberrant proteins | Gentamicin |
| Targets bacterial DA gyrase and topoisomeraise IV | some 'floxacin' |
| How many methods are there for bacteria to become resistant to penicillin | 4 |
| Amoxicillin better than Penicillin VK in eradicating | H. influenza |
| What patients should not get penicillin | Asthmatics |
| How much amoxicillin remains excreted in the urine | 80% |
| What is Periostat (doxycycline) used for | adjunct with root planing and scaling to increase reattachment |
| This drug binds PBP and affects the last step of cell wall synthesis | Cephalexin |
| What is the carrier form of Doxil | liposome |
| These antibiotics are poorly absorbed because they are highly polar | aminoglycosides |
| What does potassium clauvanate do | protect from beta lactamases |
| Which is true of phenytoin | effective for tonic-clonic seizures |
| Which is true of carbamazepine | effective for complex partial seizures |
| Which is not true of phenobarbital | causes gingival hyperplasia |
| The antifungal mechanism of Amphotericin B is | Binding to ergosterol |
| Significant fungal resistance to Azoles can occur by which of the following mechanisms | Mutations in lansterol 14-demethylase; active efflux of the drug from the fungal cell ("both A and C are correct") |
| All of the following with regard to Mycobacterium tuberculosis are correct except | Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains peptidoglycan as the major cell wall component |
| All of the following in regard to Rifampin are correct except | Rifampin is an inhibitor of DNA synthesis |
| Which of the following are considered advantages of combination therapy with Amphotericin B and Flucytosine | A synergistic response to a combination of the drugs than with either alone; Reduced toxicity due to a lower dose of Amp B; The lower rate of resistance emergence in prolonged treatment ('all of the above') |
| All of the following with regard to the anti-malarial chloroquine are true except | Chloroquine is not a prophylactic drug and is restricted use under the CDC |
| Which of the following drugs would be an alternative prophylactic in the case of a chloroquine-resistant malaria region | Mefloquine; Doxycycline ('A and C are correct') |
| A first choice drug used in patients with rheumatoid arthritis that is also antineoplastic agent when used in higher dose is | methotrexate |
| The following inhibits the action of TNF | Etanercept (Enbrel); Infliximab (Remicade); Adalimumab (Humira).......('all of the above') |
| Alpha adrenergic blocking drugs | Do not oppose the cardiac effects of sympathomimetic adrenergic agents |
| The following is true of the drug prozosin (minipress) | Its primary effect is to block alpha-1 receptors; it produces less reflex tachycardia than non-selective alpha blockers ('A and B") |
| Beta adrenergic blocking agents can | decrease cardiac output; decrease myocardial contractility; decrease heart rate; block the direct effects of norepinephrine on the heart ('all of the above') |
| Which of the following is the primary target of Rifampin | DNA dependent RNA polymerase |
| All of the following in regard to tuberculosis therapy are correct except | Rifampin and isoniazid should never be used in the same combination therapy |
| All of the following with regard to the anti-malarial chloroquine are true except | Mefloquine is never used as a prophylactic therapy |
| All the following about Amphotericin B are true Except | it is water soluble |
| What is a CCR5 inhibitor | Maraviroc |
| Which of the following adrenoreceptor antagonists will reduce responses mediated by both alpha and beta receptors | Labetalol |
| What is a short acting beta blocker | esmolol |
| How does Clonidine work | it is an alpha 2 receptor agonist that inhibits NE and sympathetic tone |
| Which is a major target for biologics | TNF alpha |
| All of the following are mechanisms of action for biologics used in terating RA except | Antagonism of COX-2 activity |
| An adverse reaction somewhat common to many of the biological agents | serious upper respiratory tract infections |
| What is false about MTX | only used by itself, whereas biologics are used together |
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hawleyd11
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