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Unit 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Communication | process of exchanging info and the process of generating and transmitting meanings between two or more individuals. It is the formation of society and the most primary aspect of nurse-Pt interaction. |
Interpersonal communication | Occurs between two or more people with goals to exchange message. |
Verbal communication | Is exchange of info using words, including both the spoken and written words. |
Nonverbal communication | Transmission of info without using words (body language). |
Factors that influence communication | 1.Level of development (age) 2.Gender 3.Sociocultural differences 4.Roles and Responsibilities (occupation) 5.Space and Territory(own area /Space room between RN and Pt.) 6.Physical 7.Mental 8.Emotional state 9.environment |
Critical thinking | a systematic way to form and shape one's thinking. It functions purposefully and exactingly. It is thought that is disciplined, comprehensive, based on intellectual standards, and, as a result, well-reasoned |
Critical thinking involves: | 1. Forming conclusions 2. Making decisions 3. Drawing inferences and reflecting |
four skill sets necessary for delivery of care that is scientific, holistic and creative. | * cognitive * technical * interpersonal * ethical/legal |
definition of the nursing process | A series of planned steps and actions directed towards meeting the needs and solving problems of patients and families. A systematic problem solving method for giving individualized care. |
Assessment | collecting, validating, and clustering data (observations or measures) |
Diagnosis | a clinical judgment about responses to actual and potential health problems (assessment, teaching, non-pharmacological methods to reduce pain, evaluation of patient response) |
Planning | setting patient-centered, mutually agreed upon goals, outcomes, and selecting appropriate interventions. |
Implementation | the interventions are initiated and information about the patient is exchanged. |
Evaluation | determining the patient’s response to care and his/her progress towards the established goals. |
nursing process | systematic, dynamic, interpersonal, outcome oriented, and universally applicable. |
Actual as a types of nursing diagnoses | Actual (there is sufficient data/defining characteristics to determine and support existence of the nursing diagnosis.) |
Risk for as a types of nursing diagnoses | the patient is likely to develop a problem if the nurse doesn't intervene. |
Possible as a types of nursing diagnoses | the patient may have this problem, or might develop this problem, but more data is needed to confirm the presence of the problem. |
SMART | Specific, Measurable, Appropriate, Realistic, Time-bound. |
Outcomes for nursing diagnoses | patient-centered. |
Nursing interventions | focused on accomplishing the outcomes. |
Types of Interventions: | Dependent – these interventions are physician-initiated. Independent – these are nurse-initated; the nurse has the authority to implement without a physician’s order or supervision. Collaborative- these are initiated by other providers |
Evaluation | measures/assesses the patient’s response to nursing interventions and achievement of expected outcomes. |
Cognitive skills | make sense of the situation and grasp what is necessary to achieve goals |
Technical skills | manipulate equipment skillfully to produce desired outcome |
Interpersonal skills | establish and maintain caring relationships that facilitate achievement of goals |
Ethical/legal skills | personal moral code and professional role responsibilities |
Problem | identifies what is unhealthy about patient or indicating the need for change |
Etiology | identifies factors maintaining the unhealthy state or response |
Defining characteristics | identifies the subjective and objective data that signal the existence of a problem (cues) |
Cognitive outcomes | describes increases in patient knowledge or intellectual behaviors |
Psychomotor | describes patient’s achievement of new skills |
Affective | describes changes in patient values, beliefs, and attitudes |
HIPAA | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (ensures privacy of information use and disclosure.) |
Method of Critical Thinking | 1 Purpose of Thinking (identify the purpose or goal of your thinking) 2 Adequacy of Knowledge (knowledge you have is accurate, complete, factual, timely, and relevant?) 3 Potential Problems 4 Helpful Resources 5 Critique of Judgment/Decision |
Thinking Independently | not to allow the status quo or a persuasive individual to control their thinking. |
four domains of critical thinking | 1 elements of thought (The Basic Building Blocks of Thinking) 2 abilities Skills Essential to Higher-Order Thinking) 3 affective dimensions (Attitudes, Dispositions, Passions, and Traits of Mind Essential 5 intellectual standards Used to Critique Think |
The types of nursing diagnoses include: | 1 Actual (sufficient data/defining characteristics 2 Risk for ( the patient is likely to develop a problem if the nurse doesn't intervene) 3 Possible Rt may , or might develop this problem (more data needed) 4 Wellness 5 Potential Complications |