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economics
Term | Definition |
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supply | The degree of availability |
economics | the study of production, distribution, and the consumption of goods and services |
demand | the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and are able to buy |
scarcity | a limited supply of resources in comparison to unlimited wants and needs |
opportunity cost | what you give up in order to get something |
incentive | a factor that encourages people to act in a certain way |
market | organized way for consumers and producers to trade goods and services |
profit | money a company has left over after subtracting the cost of doing business |
revenue | money earned by selling goods and services |
specialization | act of concentrating on a limited number of goods and activities |
inflation | general increase in prices |
traditional economy | an economy in which people make economic decisions based on their customs and beliefs |
market economy | an economy in which individual consumers and producers make economic decisions |
command economy | an economy in which the central government makes all economic decisions |
mixed economy | an economy that combines elements of traditional, market, and command economic systems |
developed country | a country with a strong economy and a high standard of living |
developing country | countries with less-productive economies and lower standards of living |
Gross domestic product (GDP) | the total value of all goods and services produced in a country in a year |
technology | the practical application of knowledge to accomplish a task |
trade | the exchange of goods and services in a market |
export | goods and services produced within a country and sold outside the country's boarders |
imports | goods and services sold in a country that are produced in other countries |
tariff | a tax on imports and exports |
trade barrier | a government policy or restriction that limits international trade |
free trade | the removal of trade barriers |
budget | a plan that shows income and expenses over a period of time |
interest | the price paid for borrowing money |
stock | a share of ownership in a company |
bond | a certificate issued by a company or government promising to pay back borrowed money with interest |
domestic trade | consumers and producers are located in the same country |