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Integumentary System

Medical, Surgical, and Diagnostic Procedures

TermDefinition
chemical peel chemical removal of the outer layers of the skin to treat acne scarring and general keratosis; also called chemabrasion
cryosurgery use of subfreezing temperature (commonly liquid nitrogen) to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissue, such as tumors, warts, and unwanted, cancerous, or infected tissue
debridement removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents
dermabrasion rubbing (abrasion) using wire brushes or sandpaper to mechanically scrape away (abrade) the epidermis
fulguration tissue destruction by means of high-frequency electric current; also called electrodesiccation
photodynamic therapy (PDT) procedure in which cells selectively treated with an agent called a photosensitizer are exposed to light to produce a reaction that destroys the cells
biopsy (Bx, bx) representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination
frozen section (FS) biopsy ultrathin slice of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination
needle biopsy removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe
punch biopsy removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow punch
shave biopsy removal of elevated lesions using a surgical blade
Mohs layers of cancer-containing skin are progressively removed and examined until only cancer-free tissue remains
skin graft transplantation of healthy tissue to an injured site
allograft transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person; also called homograft
autograft transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual
synthetic transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern
xenograft transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human; also called heterograft
allergy skin test any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patient's sensitivity to it
intradermal allergy test skin test that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for a subsequent reaction
patch allergy test skin test that identifies allergic contact dermatitis by applying a suspected allergen to a patch which is then taped on the skin, usually the forearm, and observing the area 24 hours later for an allergic response
scratch allergy test skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin, also called puncture or prick test
culture and sensitivity C&S) laboratory test that grows a colony of bacteria removed from an infected area (such as an ulcer, wound, or pus from an infection) in order to identify the specific infecting bacterium and then determine its sensitivity to antibiotic drugs
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