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GI
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tx of stomatitis | Swish and swallow and ANB or Antifungal Gargle w/ mouthwash non alcoholic |
| Assessment and care of cleft palate | Visual inspection or with gloved hand Feed in upright position Burp frequently |
| Gerd s/s (8) | Dyspepsia Regurgitation Coughing Hoarseness Epigastric pain Trouble swallowing /Painful swallowing' Water brash Wheezing at night |
| Antacids should be taken when? | One hour before eating, 2 hours after, and HS |
| Antacids should not be used for extended amount of time why? | increases LES pressure |
| S/s of liver trauma/ disease (9) | Rashes/ Dry skin Thrombocytopenia Fatigue Wt. change N/V abd pain liver tenderness jaundice bright red palms |
| Hurschsprung disease s/s (5) | Refusal to feed Abdominal distention Failure to thrive Ribbon like stools Palpable fecal mass |
| Treatment of Hurschsprungs | Colostomy |
| Colonoscopy purpose and prep | Examiniation of large bowel Liquid diet 12-24 hours before NPO 6 hrs before Bowel cleanse L side knees drawn up positioning Abd fullness/ cramping afterward |
| Stomatitis interventions | Soft bristled toothbrushes/ foam swabs to stimulate gums and clean mouth Mouth care q2 Frequent rinsing of mouth / baking soda or H202/NS solution |
| EGD purpose and prep | Visual exam of esophagus, stomach and duodenum Npo 6-8 hours before monitor for gag reflex return May have sore throat |
| Dietary changes to decrease pain in stomatitis | Increased protein Increased vitamin C |
| Colectomy definition and care | Removal of colon NG tube stoma assessment |
| Things that increase intra-abdominal pressure (6) | Pregnancy Obesity Abdominal distention Ascites Heavy lifting Coughing |
| Three types of GERD meds | Antacids Histamine blockers Proton Pump inhibitors |
| Gastric bypass post-op care | Six small feedings Push fluids Measure abd girth Padding between fat folds |
| Liver examination assessment | Dullness over hollow organs |
| B12 deficiency s/s | Parathesias Jaundice Glossitis Pallor |
| Why is there a B12 deficiency d/t gastrectomy | Intrinsic factor secreted by gastric mucosa Bile salts ingest B12, leaving less for the body |
| S/S of gastritis (7) | Anorexia N/V epigastric pain pernicious anemia dyspepsia hematemesis gastric hemmorhage |
| S/S diverticulitis | Usually no s/s Sometimes: Low grade fever Nausea LLQ pain Hx of constipation Elevated wbc |
| Tx of diverticulitis | No barium enema d/t risk of rupture of diverticulum ANB tx CT; XRAY diagnosis |
| Fecal occult blood testing teaching | No raw fruit No raw veggies No vit C rich foods No red meat Anticoagulates d/c'd 7 days before |
| Normal PH of esophagus and stomach | E: 6.0-7.0 S: 1.5-2.0 |
| S/s of splenomegaly | Dullness w/ percussion |
| Abd ultrasound prep | Full bladder Fasting Fat free meal before |
| dehydration s/s in peds pt. (7) | Tachycardia Dry skin mucous membranes Sunken fontanels Coolnees/ mottling of extremities Loss of skin elasticity Prolonged capp refill Decreased output |
| s/s of dehydration in adult (5) | change in mental status fever tachycardia decreased urine output orthostatic hypotention dry mucous membranes |
| why are antidiarrheals contraindicated in ped pt? | predisposal to toxic megacolon |
| Diet for post-op gastric bypass | clear liquids 1oz 24-48 hrs postop 6 weeks of liquids advanced to reg diet after 6 weeks |
| S/S of dumping syndrome (9) | diaphoresis dizziness light headedness palpitations confusion tachycardia nausea diarrhea abd cramping |
| s/s of peritonitis (9) | decreased output; dehydration "board like" abdomen knee chest position abd pain diminished bowel sounds inability to fart rebound tenderness high fever tachycardia |
| GERD diet via diet (7) | eliminate: chocolate fried foods alcohol fatty foods caffeine carbonated beverages spicy/ acidic foods |
| Lifestyle changes to control GERD (9) | 4-6 small meals daily elevate HOB 6-12 inches dont lie flat no smoking no alcohol lose weight loose clothing no food 2-3 hrs before bed eat slowly/ chew throughly |
| s/s of obstruction | abd bleeding N/V |
| s/s PUD | Epigastric tenderness midline between umbilicus and xiphiod process dyspepsia H-PYLORI positive |
| Zolilnger-Elilson syndrome | Upper GI tract ulceration Increased gastric acid secretion Diarrhea Hpylori negative resection is a curative treatment |
| diagnostic test for GERD | 24 hr ambulatory esophageal PH monitoring |
| mechanical obstructions causes (10) | adhesions appendicitis complications fecal impaction fibrosis hernia intussusception strictures tumors volvulus vascular d/o's |
| s/s of non-mechanical obstructions (5) | constant diffuse discomfort diminished bowel sounds distention vomiting of gastric contents obstipation |
| s/s of mechanical obstruction (5) | abd distention intermittant colicky pain obstipation ribbon like stools borborygymi |
| S/S of UC | UC me bloody 10-20 liquid stools begins at rectum |
| S/S of Chrohns (7) | Cobblestones and fistulas remissions and exacerbations severe diarrhea terminal ilem 5-6 loose stools (non-bloody) malabsorption anemia |
Created by:
byoholmes
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