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Head & Neck Anatomy

Nervous System

Action Potential Rapid depolarization of the cell membrane that results in propagation of the nerve impulse along the membrane.
Afferent Nerve Sensory nerve that carries information from the periphery of the body TO the BRAIN or spinal cord
Anesthesia Loss of feeling or sensation resulting from the nerve use of certain drugs or gases that serve as inhibitory neurotransmitters.
Crossover-Innervation Overlap of terminal nerve fibers from the contralateral side of the dental arch.
Efferent Nerve Motor nerve that carries information away from the brain or spinal cord to the periphery of the body.
Facial Paralysis Loss of action of the facial muscles.
Ganglion Accumulation of neuron cell bodies outside the central nervous system.
Innervation Supply of nerves to tissue, structures, or organs.
Neuron Cellular component of the nervous system that is individually composed of a cell body and neural processes.
Neurotransmitter Chemical agent from the neuron that is discharged with the arrival of the action potential, diffuses across the synapse, and binds to receptors on another cells membrane.
Nerve Bundle of neural processes outside the central onerous system; a part of the peripheral nervous system.
Nervous System Extensive network of structures that activates, coordinates, and controls all functions of the body.
Resting Potential Charge difference between the fluid outside and inside a cell that results in difference in the distribution of ions.
Synapse Junction between two neurons or between a neuron and an effector organ, where neural impulses are transmitted by electrical or chemical means.
Trigeminal Neuralgia Lesion of the trigeminal nerve involving facial pain.
Olfactory nerve type Afferent: nasal mucosa
Optic nerve type Afferent: retina of the eye
Oculomotor nerve type Efferent: eye muscles
Trochlear nerve type Efferent: eye muscles
Trigeminal nerve type Efferent: muscles of mastication and other cranial muscles. Afferent: face and head skin, teeth, oral cavity, parotid gland, and tongue.
Abdunces nerve type Efferent: eye muscles
Faical nerve type Efferent: muscles of facial expressions. Afferent: skin around ear and tongue
Vestibulocochlear nerve type Afferent: inner ear
Glossopharyngeal nerve type Efferenet: stylopharyngeus muscle and parotid gland. Afferent: skin around ear and tongue
Vagus nerve type Efferent: muscles of soft palate, pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdominal organs. Afferent: skin around ear and epiglottis
Accessory nerve type Efferent: muscles of neck, soft palate, and pharynx.
Hypoglossal nerve type Efferent: tongue muscles.
The brainstem of the central nervous system consists of which structures? Medulla, pons, and midbrain
The central nervous system consists of which two structures? Brain and spinal cord
To what division of the nervous system does a nerve cell belong if it leads from the eye to the brain carrying visual information? Afferent nervous system
An efferent nerve with the nervous system is known to carry information... AWAY from the brain to the periphery of the body.
To which of the following structures does the posterior superior alveolar nerve and its branches supply? Max. posterior teeth
Which foramen does the facial nerve pass through the skull? Stylomastoid foramen.
Which cranial nerve is directly involved in Bell palsy? Facial nerve
The hypoglossal nerve pairs with what muscle? Intrinsic tongue muscles
Which cranial nerve has fibers that provide crossover innervation to the contralateral side in the skull before continuing into the brain? Optic nerve
Which cranial nerve carries taste sensations for the base of the tongue Glossopharyngeal nerve
Which region of the head and neck is the trigeminal ganglion located? Anterior surface of the petrous part of the temporal bone
Created by: Strobelight95
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