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RICA domain 3
Concept | Description |
---|---|
A fluent reader can: | read accurately, at an appropriate rate, and with appropriate expression |
fluency and comprehension correlation | Non-fluent readers struggle to understand what he/she is reading. |
Indicators of fluency | Accuracy Rate Prosody |
Accuracy | pronouncing words correctly when reading orally |
Rate | appropriate speed, neither too fast or too slow (quickly decode words, read passages and sentences) |
Prosody | read with appropriate expression (emphasis in certain words, variation in pitch and pausing) |
Factors that affect fluency | weak word analysis skills not familiar with vocabulary lack of background knowledge lack of more complex sentences |
Role of decodable text | usually use with beginners readers using basic phonics skills and high frequency sight words |
Role of systematic, explicit instruction | involves frequent oral reading experiences and appropriate guidance and feedback from the teacher. |
Silent reading and fluency | providing the students with appropriate reading levels and hold students accountable for comprehension |
Strategies to promote students fluency | 1 teacher one-on-one or small group 2.Student read alone 3.Timed 4.Tape-Assisted Reading 5.Paired-Reading with a partner: |
Strategies to build accuracy | additional instruction in word identification skills. It can be done through explicit instruction in phonemic awareness, phonics, and sight words |
Strategies to build rate | Whisper reading (i.e., reading out loud to themselves) independent silent reading with accountability for comprehension |
strategies to build prosody: | teacher marks the text and explains the markings, then the teacher reads aloud modeling how to read with the marks. |
how to meet everyone's needs | 1. Differentiated Fluency 2. improve accuracy through additional word identification instruction 3. focus in recognizing sight words 4. Oral reading 5. Silent reading |
how to help English learners in fluency | provide differentiated fluency instruction to address their needs through explicitly teach English intonation patterns, phrasing, syntax, and punctuation |
advanced learners and fluency | use more advanced texts to enhance and broaden fluency development |
key points about fluency assessments | Is done through oral reading Measures: accuracy, rate, and prosody Can be done for entry-level, progress monitoring, and summative. Analysis of data should be standard-based (below, at, or above expectation) |
Fluency by third grade | students are expected to read aloud narrative and expository text fluently and accurately and with appropriate pacing, intonation, and expression. |
How is fluency introduced? | 1. identification of letters 2. single-syllable words with regular letter-sound correspondences and sight words 3.multisyllabic words 4. at all levels fluency instruction with phrases, sentences, and paragraphs |