click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Upper Resp (1 of 2)
SOPN Upper Resp (1of 2)
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Inflammation of the mucus membrane of the nose | Rhinitis |
The common cold resulting from and infection from rhinovirus over 100 rhinoviurs | Acute Viral Rhinitis |
Highly contagious by inhalation of droplet nuclei and direct contact | Rhinitis and Acute Viral Rhinitis |
Full blown infection with 48 hours | Acute Viral Rhinitis |
TX: No antibiotic not bacterial, decongestants, antitussives | Acute Viral Rhinitis |
Mani: *watery eyes, thin watery nasal discharge, itchy eys and nose and HA* | Allergic Rhinitis |
Mucous membranes appear PALE AND EDEMATOUS instead of red as in the common cold | Allergic Rhinitis |
A/C is a treatment so is antihistamines, decongetants what is | Allergic Rhinitis |
Mani: fever, chills, nasal congestion, pain in sinuses, HA | Sinusitis |
All complications of what: Abscess, sepis, menigitis | Sinusitis |
Phenylephrin (neo-synepherine or pseudoephedrin all prescribed for what? | Sinusitis |
Prolonged infections lead to what? | Chronic Sinusitis |
Treatment: Caldwell-Luc Procedure, Spheno-ethmoidectory | Chronic Sinusitis treatment can cause optic nerve damage or infection |
Sore Throat | Pharyngitis |
what is the most serious Pharyngitis | Group A beta hemolytic potential for hear and renal complicatons |
Is Pharyngitis Contagious | Yes |
S/S: fever, chills, yellow or white patch exudates covers tonsills, lymph enlargement | Pharyngitis |
Diagnosis: Opticl Immunossay OIA, and Bio star | Rapid tests for Pharyngitis |
Complications of strep throat | Heart complications, rheumatic fever, glomerular nephritis, ottis media, mastoditis |
Aspiration of stomach contents, toxic material, or a foreign body into lower respir track temp elevated after two hours | Aspiration Pneumonia Syndrome |
Prevention Aspiration Pneumonia Syndrome | Side lyning, mouth care, HOB 30 degress, with hold feed if residual is greater than 100 ml Call MD |
A localized collection of pus within lung | Lung Abscess |
Caused from Staph, TB, fungal infections, aspiration, pulmonary infarcct, | Lung Abscess |
Mani: anorexia, weight lose, syspnea, chest pain, fever | Lung Abscess |
NI: TCDB, monitor RR, Temp, Vitals, antibiotics if last 6-12 weeks | Lung Abscess |
Type A mutates most and is responsible for most deaths, esp young and old | Influenza Virus Infections |
Infuenza Virus Infections | complication bacterial and viral pneumonia |
Amanatadine Hcl (symmetrel) | Must be given early to be effective in Guillian Barre Syndrome |
Encephalitis, sinusiitis, Resp Disease, DM Heart disease, renal disease, cirrhosis | Guillian Barre Syndrome |
Prevention for Guillian Barre Syndrome | Flu Vaccine |
S/S: HA, non productive cough, fever, sweating, sore throat, muscle aches | Giullian Barre Syndrome |
S/S: inhaled into lungs via droplet nuclie after and infected infdidual coughs, sneezes, bacterial lodges in the aveoli with resultant ghons lesions spread to lymph and blood | TB |
Causes pneumonia and meniges of the brain | TB |
.1 ml of pruifeid proten derivateive is injected intradermally into forearm | Mantoux or PPD Test |
+ results is indicated by induration of 5-15 mm, immuno person may have false + | Mantoux or PPD Test |
3 (-) sputnum acid fat bacillus smears means | Discharge for TB |
Pressure treated room, HEPA masks by Nurse, HIV testing recommeded drug treat 6 mo - 2years | TB |
Isonizid, (INF), refampin, Pyrazinamide or Ethanmbutol or Streptomycin | TB Meds Combo Therapy |
Bacille Calmete Guerin Vaccine | You will have positive PPD or mantoux test, not used in US for TB |
Collection of pus fluid in the pleural space | Empyema |
Cause: Lung abscess, pneumonia, TB, chest wounds | Empyema |
Treatment Empyema | Drainage of pleural space, chest tube, antibiotic, 02, monitor 02, & RR |
Inflammation of the pluera, almost always a secondary effect of underlying disease | Pleuritis (Pleurisy) |
SS: Sharp pain related to resp movement, friction rub may be heard over the infected area on ausculation | Pleuritis (Pleursiy) |
Treatment: NSAIDS, analgesics, anti-inflammatory | Pleuritis |
Chronic Inflammatory disorder of airway | Asthma, more common in African Americans 15-24 |
Severe asthma attack lasting hours or days does not respond to treatment | Status Asthmaticus |
Quick Relief Status Asthmaticus (1) | Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist = Albuteral, terbutaline or andticholinergic |
Quick Relief Status Asthmaticus (2) | Beta 2 agonist Ipratropium bromide (atrovent) a bronchodilator with decreased cardio side effects |
Quick Relief Status Asthmaticus (3) | Steriords or PO prednisone |
Long term treatment Asthma | PO steriods or long tern Beta 2 agonists to drecrease leukotrines. 02 therapy |
Hand held device measures hwo fast air can blow out of lungs perform 3X's take highest reading | Peak Flow Meters: for clincial signs before they appear in Asthma |
What should you never administer to Asthmatic Patients | INDEROL, Beta Blocker causes Brochoconstriction |
Includes: Chronic Bronchitis, Emphasema, Bronchiectasis, and sometime Asthma | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
Excess production of mucus, by chronic cough last 3 months of year for two years | Chronic Bronchitis. |
Cause: prolonged exposure to toxic fumes | Chronic bronchitis, more common white males over 45 |
Decreased Pa02, Increase PaCO2, cyanosis, dsypnea on exertion, R sided heart failure | Late stages of Bronchial Inflammation |
Enlarged heart on XRAY, repeated resp infections | Bronchial Inflammation |
Classic finding of Bronchitis Late Stage: | Decreased Pa02, INCREASE PaCo2, cyanoisi, DOE, stocky body, episodes of R sided heart failue with dependent Edema. |
DX of Bronchail Inflammation | Pt history with repeated resp infections, enlarged heart, right sided heart failure. |
Charcterized by enlarged air spaces and destruction of aveoli walls and supporting structures: | Emphysema |
Decrease alpha antitrypinsin an enzyme inhibitor: | Emphysema |
lung tissue loses its elasticity, causing stiffening of the lung loss of lung compliance | Emphysema |
Primary drive to breath is a low 02 level in blood | Emphysema |
C02 in arterial blood determines respirations for who | Normal person, no disease |
More central portion of the lung lobe more common in men, brochiles enlarged, walls are destroyed and bronchioles become confluent: | Centrilobular Emphysema |
Destruction of the actual aveoli and bronchiles equally effects men and women: | Panlobular Emphysema |
Dyspna worsening until become dyspnea at rest: | Emphysema |
Expriations will be prolonged, CO2 retained, leading to CO2 necrosis, signs of what | Emphysema |
DX: Forced expiratory volume in first second of expiration is prolonged, enlarged thoracic cage, BARREL CHEST: | Emphysema |
B2 Agonist = albuterol, metaproterenol, broncho dilators such as theophylline to maintian a theraputic level of 10-20 | Drugs for Emphysema |
Prednisone, steriods, 02 to maintain Pa02 to at least 60 mg, 3 L min for 12-15 hours day | For Emphysema |
NI: Diaphragmatic breathing, pursed lip breathing, monitor tachycardia, increase fluids for what: | For Emphysema |