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History Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Compromise of 1850 | five separate bills passed by the United States Congress in September 1850 |
| Manifest Destiny | the 19th-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable. |
| Gold Rush | a rapid movement of people to a newly discovered goldfield in California |
| Monroe Doctrine | a principle of US policy, originated by President James Monroe in 1823, that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against the US. |
| Bill of Rights | the first ten amendments to the US Constitution, ratified in 1791 |
| Articles of Confederation | the original constitution of the US |
| Life in the 1800s | Life was difficult on the frontier, everyone was on their own |
| Farm life in 1920s | The 1920s were a boon time for many industries. During the First World War US farmers had made record profits |
| Imperialism | a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. |
| Gilded Age | the time between the Civil War and World War I during which the U.S. population and economy grew quickly |
| Social Gospel Movement | Christian intellectual movement |
| Trail of Tears | United States government forced several tribes of Native Americans to migrate to reservations west of the Mississippi River |
| Tammany Hall | New York City political organization |
| Political corruption of the 1800s | Voter Fraud, Patronage, Graft, Kick-backs, Tweed Ring Scandal |
| Americanization movement | nationwide organized effort in the 1910s to bring millions of recent immigrants into the American cultural system |
| Seneca Falls Convention | the first women's rights convention |
| Age of Enlightenment | an intellectual and scientific movement of 18th century Europe |
| Industrialization | period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial one |
| Fourteen Points | blueprint for world peace that was to be used for peace negotiations after World War I |
| Great Compromise | an agreement that large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure and representation that each state would have under the United States Constitution. |
| Muckrakers | US journalists and other writers who exposed corruption in politics and business in the early 20th century |
| Paparazzi | independent photographers |
| Abraham Lincoln | 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865. |
| John Locke | an English philosopher and physician |
| Magna Carta | a charter of liberties to which the English barons forced King John to give his assent in June 1215 at Runnymede. |
| Hero Journalists | help to promote the freedom enshrined in article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights |
| Advantages of the South in the Civil War | The South could produce all the food it needed, The South also had a great nucleus of trained officers |
| Advantages of the North in the Civil War | enormous industrial advantage, twice the density of railroads per square mile. |
| Thomas Jefferson | Thomas Jefferson was an American lawyer, a Founding Father and principal author of the Declaration of Independence. He was elected the second Vice President of the United States and the third President of the United States. |
| 18th Amendment | prohibited the manufacture, sale, transport, import, or export of alcoholic beverages. |
| 19th Amendment | granted American women the right to vote |
| 21st Amendment | repealed the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution |
| Volstead Act | The National Prohibition Act |
| Scopes Trial | American legal case in 1925 involving John Scopes |
| Sugar Act | a revenue-raising act passed by the Parliament of Great Britain on April 5, 1764. |
| Stamp Act | an act of the British Parliament in 1756 that exacted revenue from the American colonies by imposing a stamp duty on newspapers and legal and commercial documents |
| Intolerable Acts | a series of punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea party |
| Unjustifiable Acts | American Patriots' term for a series of punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea party. |
| Boston Tea Party | a political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, on December 16, 1773. |
| Checks and Balances | The system of checks and balances is used to keep the government from getting too powerful in one branch. |
| “Supreme Law of the Land” | provision in Article Six, Clause 2 of the United States Constitution that establishes the United States Constitution, federal statutes, and treaties as "the supreme law of the land." |
| Federal powers | Collect taxes, Regulate interstate commerce, Coin money, regulate currency, set standards of weights and measures Declare war Raise and maintain an army and navy |
| State Powers | The power to levy taxes The power to borrow money The power to charter corporations |
| Reconstruction | the period in United States history immediately following the Civil War in which the federal government set the conditions that would allow the rebellious Southern states back into the Union |
| Rehabilitation | policies are those that intend to reform criminal offenders rather than punish them or segregate them from the greater community |
| Federalism | system based upon democratic rules and institutions in which the power to govern is shared between national and provincial/state governments. |
| Trigger that began WWI | The bodies of Austria-Hungary Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, are seen after their assassination by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip on June 28, 1914. |
| Music movement in the 1920s | The Jazz Age was a period in the 1920s |
| Progressive Movement | a period of widespread social activism and political reform across the United States, from the 1890s to 1920s |
| Main ideas of the Federalist | The Federalists wanted a strong government and strong executive branch. |
| Main ideas of the Anti-Federalists | wanted a weaker central government |
| Harlem Renaissance | the name given to the cultural, social, and artistic explosion that took place in Harlem between the end of World War I and the middle of the 1930s. |
| Year for Women to gain vote | 1920 |
| Robert E. Lee | an American soldier known for commanding the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in the American Civil War from 1862 until his surrender in 1865 |
| Factors that shaped the North’s development | North America's history and development have been shaped by its political geography. |
| What was the North called during the Civil War | The Union |
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Nekrosis1
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