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resp mr.broyles
study guide quarter II respiratory exam #1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hypoxia | An inadequate, reduced tension of cellular oxygen |
| Hypercapnia | Greater than normal amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood |
| Hypoxemia | An abnormal deficiency of oxygen in the arterial blood |
| Apnea | an absence of spontaneous respiration (not to breath) |
| Cheyne-stokes respirations | An abnormal patter of respiration characterized by alternating periods of apnea and deep, rapid breathing. |
| Bradypnea | A slow respiratory rate of fewer than 12 breaths per minute |
| Tachypnea | An abnormally rapid rate of breathing |
| Adventitious | Abnormal sounds superimposed on breath sounds |
| Bronchoscopy | Visual examination of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi using a standard rigid, tubular metal bronchoscope or a narrower, flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope. |
| Cyanosis | Slightly bluish, gray, slatelike, or dark purple discoloration of the skin resulting from the presence of abnormally reduced amounts of oxygenated hemoglobin in the blood. |
| Dyspnea | Shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing; may be caused by disturbances in the lungs, certain heart conditions, and hemoglobin deficiency |
| Orthopnea | An abnormal condition in which a person must sit or stand in order to breathe deeply or comfortably |
| Wheeze | Adventitious breath sounds that have a whistling or sighing sound resulting from narrowing of the lumen of a respiratory passageway. May be heard both on inspiration and expiration. Wheezes characteristically clear on coughing |
| Sibilant wheeze | Musical, high-pitched, squeaking, or whistle like sound caused by the rapid movement of air through narrowed bronchioles |
| Sonorous wheeze | Low-pitched, loud, coarse, snoring sound |
| Stertorous | Pertaining to a respiratory effort that is strenuous and struggling, which provokes a snoring sound |
| Thoracentesis | The surgical perforation of the chest wall and pleural space with a needle for the aspiration of fluid for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes |
| Hyperoxia | Abnormally high oxygen tension in the blood |
| Laryngeal cancer S/S | Persistent hoarseness is usually the first sign; advanced lesions may cause a sore throat, dyspnea, dysphagia, and cervical adenopathy. |
| Causes of layngeal cancer | chronic alcoholism and heavy use of tobacco increase the risk of developing the cancer; more common in men than women. between 50-70 yrs/age |
| adenopathy | enlargement of any gland |
| Laryngectomy | surgical removal of the larynx performed to treat cancer of the larynx |
| Epistaxis | bleeding from the nose caused by local irritation of mucous membranes |
| Chemoreceptors | a sensory nerve cell activated by chemical stimuli. |
| Example of chemoreceptor | in the carotid artery are sensitive to the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood; they signal the respiratory center in the brain to increase or decrease the rate of breathing |
| Rhinitis | inflammation of of the mucous membranes of the nose, usually accompanied by swelling of the mucosa and nasal discharge. |
| Sinusitis | inflammation of one or more paranasal sinuses. With swelling of nasal mucous membranes the openings from the sinuses to the nose may be obstructed, resulting in an accumulation of sinus secretions, causing pressure, pain, headache, fever, local tenderness |
| Laryngoscopy | the use of a laryngoscope to view the larynx |
| Layrngitis | inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the larynx |
| Nasal Polyp | a rounded, elongated piece of pulpy, dependent mucosa that projects into the nasal cavity |
| Tonsillectomy | the surgical excision of the palatine tonsils, performed to prevent recurrent tonsillitis |
| Oxygen deficiency indicators | Apprehension, anxiety, restlessness, decreased ability to concentrate, disorientation, decreased level of consciousness, increased fatigue, vertigo, behavioral changes |
| Oxygen deficiency indicators | Increased pulse rate; as hypoxia advance, bradycardia results, Increase rate and depth of resp, shallow, slow resps, elevated blood pressure it will decrease |
| Oxygen deficiency indicators | cardiac dysrhythmias, pallor, cyanosis, clubbing, dyspnea |
| Daily fluid intake amount | 2500-3000 cc; 3L |
| Assessment of lungs | pt encouraged to describe any symptoms, such as SOB, dyspnea on exertion, or cough. Data should include: onset; duration; precipitating factors; and relief measures. |
| Assessment of lungs | Description of cough-productive or nonproductive-harsh, dry or hacking; and color and amount of mucus expectorated. Data should be recorded as direct quotes from pt. |
| Assessment of lungs | objective: Observation. The pts expression, chest movement, and respirations. Flaring nostrils. Pts skin color and turgor. Resp. distress, wheezes. adventitious sounds or orthopnea. |
| post thoracentesis | the patient is poitioned on the unaffected side. 30% semi fowler's, supplemental 02, watching for bleeding at site, watch for changes in vital signs, color, mental status and auscultate lungs IF changes occur and routinely even if no changes |
| nursing intervention for epistaxis | keep pt quiet, in sitting position, leaning forward with head an shoulders evelevated., apply direct pressure by pinching nose 10-15 min, apply ice compress to nose, monitor for s/s for hypovolemic shock |
Created by:
chulitachorty26
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