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SOPN GI Disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| sac-like out pouching of the esophageal wall caused by a weakening of the muscular layer diagnosed via a barium swallow | *ESOPHAGEAL DIVERTICULUM* |
| S & Sx: difficulty swallowing, belching, feeling that food stops BEFORE it arrives at the stomach. Gurgling noise when patient swallows and food tastes & smells sour or foul. Regurgitation, chronic cough, aspiration, and weight loss | *ESOPHAGEAL DIVERTICULUM* |
| Most common cause are strong acids or alkalis that have been ingested and reflux of gastric juices. Trauma such as throat and gun shot wounds. Develop over long period of time. Treatment balloon dilation and surgical excision with anastimosis | *ESOPHAGEAL STRICTURES* |
| Chronic diseas, cause unknown, lower 2/3 smooth muscle of the esophagus is ABSENT. obsturction of the esophagus at or near the diaphragm occurs. Food and fluid accumulates here causing dilation of lower esophagus | *ACHALASIA* |
| S & Sx: Dysphagia of both liquids and solids, reports globus sensation (lump in throat), substernal chest pain, during or immediatly after eating, ahlitosis, inability to belch, regurgitation of sour tasting foods or liquids. Weightloss. | *ACHALASIA* |
| Protrusion (herniation) of part of the stomach into the thoracic cavity through an opening in the diaphragm where the esophagus passes. Diaphragmatic Hernia. Protrusion of the stomach into the esophagus through an opening in the diaphragm. | *HIATAL HERNIA* - most common pathological condition in the GI Tract! |
| S & Sx: Most frequent is heartburn, caused by reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus especially after a meal or lying down. Feeling fullness, regurgitation, or PAIN IN JAW, SHOULDER, DOWN ARM, & PALPITATIONS | *HIATAL HERNIA* |
| Dilation of the blood vessels (streched beyond their normal dimentions) in the esophagus ESPECIALLY in the lower end. Caused by (PHTN) portal hypertension due to cirrhosis, blood clot, tumor, or obstruction | *ESOPHAGAEL VARICES* |
| increased blood pressure within the portal venous vessels of the liver. *The dilated vein increases PHTN and thinning of the walls of the veins thought to lead to rupture | Portal hypertension (PHTN) |
| S & Sx: hematemesis (vomiting bright red blood), melena (black tarry stool), due to the action of the intestinal secretion on free blood, low HH due to bleeding, hypotension bleeding losing blood volume, tachycardia | Portal hypertension (PHTN) |
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Beezle
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