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NU 116 Module V
Immunity
Question | Answer |
---|---|
A.Infections agent | microorganism capable of causing infection. There are 4 groups of microoganisms potentially pathogenics to humans. |
Bacteria | singel celled independent living microorganism. Caracterizide by Shape/reaction to gram stain/Need for O2. ***Most common in healthcare settign |
Viruses | smallest of all microorganism, microscopic |
Fungi | Plant like organism, molds, yeast |
Parasites | multicellular organisms that live on another organism |
B. Reservoir | Habitat, area for its growth and multiplication |
C. Portal of Exit | Point where microorganisms will leave the reservoir |
D. Mode of transmission | vehicle or ways for transfer of microorganisms from the reservoir to the host. Contact/air/vehicle/vector |
E. Portal of Entry | Point at which organism enter a host |
F. Susceptible Host | Anyone at risk for infection |
Incubation Period | Interval between the invasion of the body and appearance of symptoms of infection |
Prodromal Stage | Early S/S, vague and nonspecific |
Acute Phase | Presence of specific S/S |
Convalescent Period | Recovery |
2 major types of immunity | Active & Passive |
Active Immunity | Natural or Artificial. Natural is the body response. Artificial= vaccines to stimulate body's reponse |
Passive Immunity | Natural & Artificial. Natural=given by the mother on uterus or milk. Artificial=gamaglobulin |