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Chap. 2 Chest
Procedures1. Bontrager.
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The chest consists of what 3 sections? | Bony thorax, respiratory system proper, mediastinum |
Define bony thorax | Part of the protective framework for parts of chest involved with breathing and blood circulation. |
Define thoracic viscera | term used to describe the parts of the chest consisting of the lungs and the remaining thoracic organs in the mediastinum. |
What does the bony thorax consist of? | Sternum, 2 clavicles, 2 scapulae, 12 pairs of ribs and 12 thoracic vertebrae. |
What are the three divisions of the sternum? | Manubrium (superior), body, and xiphoid process. |
xiphoid process is anterior to what vertebrae? | T9-T10 |
What makes up the respiratory system? | Lungs and airways. |
What is the mediastinum? | Medial portion of thoracic cavity, space between the lungs. |
What are two topographic positioning landmarks in the bony thorax? | Vertebra prominens (c7) and Jugular notch. |
In what projection is locating the vertebra prominens (C7) important? | PA. |
The jugular notch is in an important landmark for CR placement on what projections? | AP. |
Where is the jugular notch located? | Superior portion of the sternum. |
The jugular notch anterior to what prominen? | T3 |
Purpose of the respiratory system? | Exchange of gaseous substances between air and blood |
What are the four divisions of the respiratory system? | Pharynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs |
What is the diaphragm? | Primary muscle of inspiration. |
Define hemidiaphragm. | Half of the diaphragm. |
What is the pharynx? | Passageway for food and air. |
Where is the pharynx? | Posterior to the nose and mouth, above the larynx and esophagus. |
What makes up the roof of the oral cavity? | Hard and soft palate. |
What is the uvula? | The lower posterior aspect of the soft palate. |
What is the epiglottis? | flips down and covers laryngeal opening during consumption to avoid particles entering larynx and bronchi. |
What is the esophagus? | Part of the digestive system, connects the pharynx with the stomach. |
The esophagus is posterior to what 2 parts? | Larynx and trachea. |
What are the four parts of the respiratory system PROPER? | Larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs. |
Larynx is also known as? | voice box. |
The larynx is suspended from a small bone called? | Hyoid. |
The upper margin of the larynx is at level __, and ends at level __. | begins at C3 ends at C6 |
The larynx joins with what structure at C6? | Trachea. |
Laryngeal prominence is AKA? | Adams apple. It is made of thyroid cartilage. |
Laryngeal prominence can be found at level __? | C5 |
What is cricoid cartilage? What level can it be found at? | Ring of cartilage that forms the wall of the larynx. It is attached to the first ring of cartilage of the trachea, level C6. |
The trachea is also known as what? | The windpipe. |
Where is the trachea located? | Anteriorly to the esophagus, extends from junction with larynx at C6, goes down to T4 or T5 where it divides into the bronchi. |
Where is the thyroid gland located? | Anteriorly in the neck region just below the larynx. Superior to the Thymus. |
The right bronchi is... | Wider and shorter, more vertical. |
How long is the trachea? | 11cm. |
What is the carina and what is its location? | The dividing point of the bronchi, at T5 |
The ___ is a specific point of reference for CT of the thorax. | Carina. |
The right bronchus has __ lobes, the left lung has __. | 3,2 |
What are the two fissures in the right lung? | the oblique fissure separates the inferior and middle lobes, the horizontal fissure separates the superior and middle lobes |
What separates the superior and inferior lobes of the left lung? | One deep oblique fissure. |
the pleura is? | A light, double walled sac enclosing each lung. |
Parietal pleura? | Outer layer of pleural sac that lines the inner surface of the chest. |
The inner layer of the pleura sac that covers the surface of the lungs is called the what? | pulmonary or visceral pleura. |
Parenchyma is? | Functional tissue lungs are composed of. |
The descending aorta is ___ to the heart. | Posterior. |
Midthorax corresponds with what level? | T7 |