Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Patient Evaluation
Assessment of the Infant
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Assessment of the Infant Perinatal History | - mother's history history of pregnancy (age, smoking history, and substance abuse, nutrition, infections, previous pregnancy/outcome, hypertension. - mothers with diabetes are prone to have premature or large infants. |
| Assessment of the Infant Terminology/ Gestational Age | - time since the estimated date of conception. |
| Assessment of the Infant Terminology/ Term Infant | - born between 38 to 42 weeks of gestational age. |
| Assessment of the Infant Terminology/ Preterm Infant | - (premature) born less than 38 weeks of gestational age. |
| Assessment of the Infant Terminology/ Post term Infant | - more than 42 weeks gestational age. |
| Assessment of the Infant APGAR score | - provides a clinical method for evaluating the infant immediately after birth. - Allows for a rapid appraisal of an infant in determine resuscitation. |
| Assessment of the Infant APGAR score/Routine | - 1 minute predicts neonatal survival. - 5 minutes predicts neurological outcome. |
| Assessment of the Infant APGAR score/5 Factors Evaluated | - color - heart rate - reflex irritability - muscle tone - respiratory effort |
| Assessment of the Infant APGAR score/APGAR scoring/Appearance (Color) | - Appearance= 2pts=(Good) = completely pink - Appearance 1 pt. (Bad) = body pink Extremities = blue - Appearance 0 pt. (Real Bad) = Blue All Over = pale |
| Assessment of the Infant APGAR score/APGAR scoring/(Pulse) | -Pulse = 2pts = (Good) = greater than 100 -Pulse = 1pt. = (Bad)= less than 100 -Pulse = 0pt. = (Very Bad) = absent No pulse |
| Assessment of the Infant APGAR score/APGAR scoring/(Grimace) | - Grimace = 2pts = (Good) = cough or sneeze - Grimace = 1pt. =(Bad)= grimace - Grimace = 0 pt. = =(Bad)= no response |
| Assessment of the Infant APGAR score/APGAR scoring/(Activity) | - Activity = 2pts =(Good) =active motion - Activity = 1pt = (Bad)= some flexion - Activity = 0pt.=(Very Bad)= no response |
| Assessment of the Infant APGAR score/APGAR scoring/(Respiratory Effort) | - Respiratory Effort =(Good) = 2pts = regular strong cry. - Respiratory Effort=(Bad)= 1pts =slow, irregular, weak - Respiratory Effort =(Very Bad)= 0pts. = absent No cry |
| Assessment of the Infant APGAR score/Action based on score (0-3) | -RESUSCITATE |
| Assessment of the Infant APGAR score/Action based on score (4-6) | - SUPPORT -stimulate, warm, administer O2 |
| Assessment of the Infant APGAR score/Action based on score (7-10) | - MONITOR -routine care |
| Assessment of the Infant Transillumination/Recommended | - recommended when pneumothorax is suspected. |
| Assessment of the Infant Transillumination/Equipment | - a fiberoptic light is placed against the infants chest in a darkened room. |
| Assessment of the Infant Transillumination/Contact | - normally a lighted halo is seen around the point of contact. |
| Assessment of the Infant Transillumination/Clinical | - a pneumothorax or pneumomediastatinum will cause: the entire hemithorax to light up. |
| Assessment of the Infant Vital Signs/Temperature | - infants lose body heat very quickly. - infants may need to be placed in a warm environment. - to maintain adequate body temperature. |
| Assessment of the Infant Vital Signs/Normal Temperature | - 36.5 C |
| Assessment of the Infant Vital Signs/Maintain Temperature | - servo controlled incubator and radiant warmers provide automatic adjustments of temperature. |
| Assessment of the Infant Sensors | - a sensor is placed on the infant and feeds back information to the heating and cooling unit. |
| Assessment of the Infant Temperature Probes | - if the temperature probe comes off the skin = the unit will over heat causing high temperature alarm and low skin temperature. |
| Assessment of the Infant O2 consumption | - when an infant is kept warm oxygen consumption is reduced. |
| Assessment of the Infant Pulse/Heart Rate/Term Infant | - Normal HR for term infant = 110-160 - Preterm faster rates |
| Assessment of the Infant Pulse/Heart Rate/Tachycardia | - 170 bpm or greater |
| Assessment of the Infant Pulse/Heart Rate/Bradycardia | -less than 100 bpm |
| Assessment of the Infant Pulse/Heart Rate/Measured | - using the: - brachial pulse - femoral pulse - apical pulse |
| Assessment of the Infant Pulse/Heart Rate/Increased Cardiac Output | - infants can increase cardiac output by increasing heart rate. |
| Assessment of the Infant Respirations/Normal | - 30-60 breaths/min - higher in preterm |
| Assessment of the Infant Respirations/Respiratory Pause | - apnea for 5-10 secs ,normal |
| Assessment of the Infant Respirations/Short Apnea | - apnea 10-20 secs, normal |
| Assessment of the Infant Respirations/Long Apnea | - apnea for longer than 20 secs , always abnormal |
| Assessment of the Infant Blood Pressure/ Term Infant | - 60/40 mmHg |
| Assessment of the Infant Blood Pressure/ Pre-term Infant | - 50/30 mmHg |
| Assessment of the Infant Birth Weight/ Term Infant | - greater than 3000g - 3kg |
| Assessment of the Infant Birth Weight/ 28 week gestational age | -1000g -1kg |
| Assessment of the Infant Birth Weight/ Low Birth Weight | -low birth weight infants are at higher risk for respiratory problems. |
| Assessment of the Infant Cyanosis/Acrocyanosis | - is bluish extremities and is not true cyanosis |
| Assessment of the Infant Cyanosis/How to Check | - check mucous membranes of the mouth, tongue, nail beds |
| Assessment of the Infant Retractions | - intercostal - subcostal - substernal - supraclavicular - retractions are signs of respiratory distress. |
| Assessment of the Infant Nasal Flaring | - dilation of nasal opening also indicates respiratory distress for infants who must breath through their nose. |
| Assessment of the Infant Grunting | - a sound heard at the end of exhalation that indicates respiratory distress (RDS) from decrease lung volume. |
| Assessment of the Infant Capillary Refill | - blanching of the infants skin to see how long it takes for normal color to return. longer than 3 secs may indicate a decreased cardiac output |
| Assessment of the Infant Gestational Age/Dubowitz Method | - assessment of the gestational ae is important to differentiate between a preterm infant and one that is small for their gestational age. |
| Assessment of the Infant Gestational Age/Dubowitz Method/Scoring | - the higher the score the higher the gestational weeks. |
| Assessment of the Infant Gestational Age/Dubowitz Method/Scoring/Normal | -40 corresponding to # of 40 weeks |
| Assessment of the Infant Gestational Age/Dubowitz Method/Scoring/>40 | - post-term infant |
| Assessment of the Infant Gestational Age/Dubowitz Method/Scoring/<40 | - preterm infant |
| Assessment of the Infant New Ballard | - modified dubowitz scale - estimates gestational age of low birth weight babies - normal score = 40 weeks |
| Assessment of the Infant Pre-and Post Ductal Blood Gas Studies/R to L Shunt | - if right to left shunt occurs across the ductus arteriosus = = Pa02 level obtained from ductal site (right arm)often exceeds the Pa02 level obtained from a post-ductal site (umbilical artery or a lower extremity vessel. |
| Assessment of the Infant Pre-and Post Ductal Blood Gas Studies>1 torr higher | - if the pre- ductal (right artery) Pa02 is 15 torr higher than post- ductal (umbilical artery)Pao2 then the patient has patent ductus arteriosus with a right to left shunt |
| Assessment of the Infant Pre-and Post Ductal Blood Gas Studies/Evaluate | - by transcutaneous monitoring - pulse Oximetry |
| Assessment of the Infant Pre-and Post Ductal Blood Gas Studies/Recommend | - an echocardiogram to determine the cause of the shunt. |
| Assessment of the Infant Blood Glucose/Monitor | - Blood glucose levels are important to monitor in infants |
| Assessment of the Infant Blood Glucose/Term | - term infants have greater value greater than 30mg/dL |
| Assessment of the Infant Blood Glucose/Premature | - premature infants should have values greater than 20 mg/dL |
| Assessment of the Infant Lung Maturity Information/Lecithin/Sphingomyelin(L/S) Ratio | - A ratio of 2:1 or higher is good. -hyaline membrane - IRDS ratio approaches 0 |
| Assessment of the Infant Lung Maturity/Ratio less than 2:1 | - less than 2:1 indicates high risk of HMD/IRDS |
| Assessment of the Infant Lung Maturity/Ratio/Drops below 2 | - incidence of HMD/IRDS range from - 40%-80% - lower ratio indicating higher risk. |
| Assessment of the Infant Lung Maturity/Incidence of false-negative | - L/S ratio is from 20-25% and occurs when low L/S ratio is - - measured with no signs of distress (related to perinatal complications and maternal diabetes |
| Assessment of the Infant Phosphatidylglycerol PG | - phospholipid appearing at about 36 weeks gestation and rising until term. - most reliable indicator of pulmonary maturity even with diabetes. |
| Assessment of the Infant Phosphatidylcholine PC | PC(DPPC) - Phospholipid - lecithin makes up majority of the weight of surfactant - Indicator for lung maturity, and will rise as lungs mature |
Created by:
sukar
Popular Respiratory Therapy sets