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BIO31 Lab Exam

Human Anatomy Course

Question Answer
Chp 4 : Tissue 1. Name the four types of tissues. epithelium, CT, muscle, nerve
2. Describe the location of the apical surface of an epithelium. apical surface faces lumen
3. The nucleus in cuboidal cells has a ___ shape. spherical
4. Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium has a maximum of ___ layers of cells. one/1
5. Which epithelium can stretch the most? transitional
6. What is one structural characteristic of epithelia that doesn’t apply to connective tissue? 1 epithel vs CT: sheet of cells, little ECM, all similar cells, polar
7. What is the function of fibroblasts? fibroblast fxn: secrete ECM
8. Which properties apply to different kinds of connective tissue? A. Solid B. Liquid D. Can stretch E. Can secrete
9. Where are blood vessels located? A. Bone C. Tendon E. Areolar connective tissue
10. Dense connective tissue includes C. Ligaments D. Elastic CT
11. How are adipocytes an example of artifact on microscope slides? adipocyte artifact: fat droplet dissolved away
12. What is the function of chondrocytes? chondrocyte fxn: secrete ECM
13. Why are blood vessels considered organs? blood vessels = organ b/c: made of different tissues
Chp 5: Integumentary System 14. Do cells of the epidermis contain rough endoplasmic reticulum? Explain. YES make keratin
15. Name one structure of skin and describe the function it carries out. 1 skin struc-fxn: sweat gl-temp regul, etc.
16. What is the function of melanin? melanin fxn: protect DNA from UV
17. Blue skin tone from poorly oxygenated blood is a condition called ___. cyanotic
18. Jaundice is an indication of ___ problems. liver
19. The papillary layer of the dermis is composed of ___ tissue. areolar CT
20. Describe the three dimensional shape of a hair follicle. cylinder/tube
21. Thin skin is located on the ___ surface of the hand. thin on hand surf: dorsal, posterior
22. Describe the three dimensional shape of sweat glands. coiled tubes
23. How are the hair shaft and the hair root similar? both continuous cylinders, composed of dead cells, etc.
24. Describe the location of hair growth. hair growth @ hair bulb
25. Sweat glands fall into which of the four tissue types? sweat glands = epithelium
Chp 1: Introduction to Anatomy 26. Name two techniques used in studying radiographic anatomy. 2 tech: x-ray, CT, MRI, sonography, fmri, PET
27. Name two topics of study in systemic anatomy. 2 system anat topics: urinary system, integumentary sys, etc.
28. What does “structure-function relationship” mean? You may answer by giving an example. struc-fxn rel=struc specialization in order to carry out fxn, e.g., squamous cell for diffusion
29. Name the five levels of anatomical organization from small to large. 5 levels: cell, tissue, organ, organ sys, organism
30. What is the plane of section? midsagittal plane
31. In the anatomic position the palm of the hand faces ___. anterior/ventral
32. The shoulders are ___ to the spinal cord. lateral
33. The neck is ___ to the thorax. superior
34. The figure below shows a ___ plane of section. horizontal/ transverse
35. In the figure above, the pancreas is ___ to the kidneys. anterior
36. In which region of the body is the right elbow? R upper extremity
Chp 2 : Cell Structure 37. Explain what cytokinesis is. cell division
38. A ribosome is about 20 nm in diameter. How many would you need to make a straight row across a distance of 1 mm? Show your work. 38 20 nm = 0.02 µm = 0.00002 mm, 1/0.00002 = 50,000 ribosomes in 1 mm
39. What instrument was used to make the image below? SEM
40. What part of a cell is described as the fluid mosaic model? Plasma membrane
41. Describe the mechanism of transport of oxygen into a cell. simple diffusion
42. List two requirements for the process of exocytosis or secretion. 2: Ca++ and ATP
43. Give one example of a non-membrane bound organelle? 1: ribosome, cytoskeleton, inclusion body
44. Hematoxylin is a purple dye that is attracted to acids. Name two cell structures stained by hematoxylin. hematox stains: RNA, DNA
45. Which has less stain: liver or adrenal cortex? Explain why. less stain: adrenal cortex b/C contains sER, w/o ribosomes
46. Which cell has more mitochondria: red blood cell, adipose cell, muscle cell? Explain your answer. muscle has > mitochondria because needs more ATP
47. Do red blood cells undergo mitosis? Explain. NO, do not have nucleus
48. Describe one function of the cytoskeleton. 1 cytoskel fxn: move chromosomes, shape cell, endocytosis, exocytosis, move cilia
49. What is the function of the nucleolus? nucleolus fxn: make ribosomes
50. When are chromosomes present in a cell? chromo present during mitosis
Created by: Rodney C
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