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Peds 3

Renal

QuestionAnswer
GFR in children is what % below adult level? 30
Children are more prone to infections due to what being shorter? Urethra
What two renal tubes are immature at birth? Proximal/distal tubes, loop of henle
What is the hallmark sign of kidney/bladder infection? Pain
Term for consistent decrease in urine production Oliguria
Term for absence of urine production Anuria
Formed from breakdown of amino acids by the liver Urea
Product released during muscle cell metabolism Creatinine
What decides to eliminate or retain? Kidneys
These in the urine suggest a low filtration rate Casts
A urine specimen must be taken to the lab within ____ minutes. Can refrigerate up to ___ hours. 30, 2
Normal creatinine clearance is ____mg/100 mL 0.7-1.5
What lab measures urea in blood and is used to assess glomerular function? BUN
BUN level may not increase until _____% of glomeruli destroyed 50
With _____ test, dye is iodine based. Check for allergies! IVP
What test is an XR of kidney, ureter, and bladder? KUB
What test views adequacy of urine flow? CT scan
What is a Cystourethrogram? XR while voiding
What test reveals structure of urethra and bladder and presence of reflux in ureters? Cystourethrogram
What test is direct visualization and child received conscious sedation? Cystoscopy
With is post care for renal biopsy? Hold pressure on Bx site 15 min plus pressure dressing. VS q15mx4. Force fluids. Restrict activity 24h or until no hematuria present
Hypospadias tends to be familial and is associated with what? Undescended testicles
Management of Epi- and Hypospadias includes a delay of circumcision. Urethroplasty is delayed until what age? 12-18 mo. Could wait until 3-4 yo
What is the post-op care for Epi-/Hypospadias? Foley, analgesics, antispasmodic (Ditropan) at least until foley is out
UTI mostly caused by what organism? Gram neg rod (E coli)
Child will have high fever, flank pain, V, malaise if what area UTI? Upper UTI/pyelonephritis
If infection where, child may have low or no fever, mild abd pain, and enuresis Confined to bladder/cystitis
Urine C&S positive for bacteria is > _______ 100,000
Urine C&S counts between _____ and ____ repeated 10,000-100,000
Urine C&S negative if count <_____ 10,000
UA for UTI may be positive for ___ and ____ Protein, RBC
Bactrim, Septra, PCN, and Macrodantin are used to treat what? UTI
Repeat UA when _____ are complete ATB
May need prophylactic ATB for _____ mo following UTI 6
This disease is retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the ureters. Can't empty bladder completely. Vesicoureteral Reflux
This disease predisposes child to pyelonephritis and hydronephritis Vesicoureteral Reflux
CT scan, voiding cystourethrogram, or cystoscopy are used to Dx what? Vesicoureteral Reflux
Double voiding or q3h schedule is used for management of what disease? Vesicoureteral Reflux
Vesicoureteral Reflux may resolve on its own with maturity, but may need Sx to reposition what? Ureters
What are the normal ages for daytime/nighttime bladder control? 2-3yo/4yo
How many mL for bladder stretching? 300-350 mL
Desmopressin/DDAVP, and Ditropan are used for what condition? Enuresis
Med: Can be intranasal or PO. Antidiuretic. Decreased urinary output. Desmopressin/DDAVP
Med: Decreases bladder contractions Ditropan/anticholineric
Immune complex disease occurring after strep infection. Inflammation of glomeruli Acute Post Strep Glomerulonephritis
Scarring, decreased GFR, and accumulation of Na and H2O in blood are associated with what disease? Acute Post Strep Glomerulonephritis
What fluid volume disorder is associated with Acute Post Strep Glomerulonephritis Excess fluid volume
IgG antibodies against strep may be detected in bloodstream with this disease Acute Post Strep Glomerulonephritis
Any child with strep, tonsilitis, otitis media, or impetigo should have what two weeks after infection UA
Protein levels with Acute Post Strep Glomerulonephritis are found to be +____ to +____ 1, 4
UA for this disease will show WBC, RBC, Casts and will also have an increased sp grav. Also hypoalbumineria. Increased ASO titer Acute Post Strep Glomerulonephritis
If not treated immediately for this disease, person can develop HF, cardiac enlargement, pulm edema, liver complications, and EKG changes Acute Post Strep Glomerulonephritis
With Acute Post Strep Glomerulonephritis, protein may be present in urine for how long? Up to one year
Assess for anecephaly, HA, irritability, seizure, coma, transitory paralysis for HTN BP of ___/____ 160/100
Digoxin, O2, Semi-fowlers position, CCB, Phos binders, Kayexalate may be used in treatment of what? Acute Post Strep Glomerulonephritis
Frequently hyperkalemia with this condition Acute Post Strep Glomerulonephritis
This disease can occur in both, but typically one kidney and is associated with other anomalies such as hypospadias, talipes, cryptochidism Wilm's Tumor/Nephroblastoma
If no mets with Wilm's Tumor/Nephroblastoma, the cure rate is 5yr/90%
Peak time when Wilm's Tumor/Nephroblastoma is how old? How? 3-4 yo. Family usually finds while bathing or playing with child.
Wilm's Tumor/Nephroblastoma is diagnosed by what two tests? CT or US
What position post-op for Wilm's Tumor/Nephroblastoma? Semi-fowler's
Disease which one or both testicles fail to descend from abdominal cavity into scrotum Cryptochidism
Testicle usually descends during months 6-9 of intrauterine life, but can be up to ___ months of age 6
Pt is given up to how long for testicle descent 1 yr
What is given to stimulate descent of testicle? Chorionic gonadotropin
Orchipexy is completed at about age ___ to treat what? 1, Cryptochidism
Created by: mreedy
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