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Semester 2 Final

BJHS semester 2 final exam

QuestionAnswer
A liquid mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by settling or filtration is a? suspension.
When you add so much solute that no more dissolves, you have a? saturated solution
What is one way to increase the solubility of sugar in water? Heat the water
Acids are described as corrosive because they? “eat away” at other materials
The pH scale measures? the concentration of hydrogen ions
One example of a physical change is? dissolving salt in water
One example of a chemical change is? burning wood.
The energy of matter in motion is called? kinetic energy
Radio waves, visible light from the sun, infrared “rays” from heat lamps, the waves that heat food in a microwave oven, ultraviolet rays, and X-rays are all considered types of? electromagnetic energy
Table sugar and table salt are examples of? pure substances
Substances that CANNOT be broken down chemically into other substances are? elements
The measurement of the force of gravity on an object is the object’s? weight
All elements are composed of extremely small particles called? atoms
The ability to do work or cause change describes? energy
The change in which ice absorbs energy and melts is a(n)? endothermic change
Each family in the periodic table has its own characteristic properties based on the number of? valence electrons
When an atom loses an electron, it becomes a? positive ion.
What is the chemical name for the compound with the formula Na2S? sodium sulfide
What is the greatest number of valence electrons an atom can have? 8
If atoms of a halogen nonmetal (Group 17) gain one electron, the atoms then have? 8 valence electrons.
Which of the following is NOT a correct inference that you can make about the burning of gasoline? The reaction is a physical change.
Anything that has mass and takes up space is considered? matter.
The only sure evidence for a chemical reaction is? the production of one or more new substances.
As in the case of unlike magnetic poles, unlike electric charges? attract each other.
The loss of static electricity as electric charges move off an object is called? static discharge.
What causes charges to move in a circuit? voltage
An electric current will always follow? the path of least resistance.
In a series circuit with three bulbs what will happen to the light bulbs when energy is applied? all of the bulbs become dimmer as more bulbs are added.
In a parallel circuit with three bulbs what will happen to the light bulbs when energy is applied? current from each bulb has its own path.
What is a disadvantage of using fuses? When a fuse burns out, it cannot be used again.
What effect would a current of greater than 0.2 amp have on your body? It could cause burns and stop your heart.
Mendeleev created the first periodic table by arranging elements in order of? increasing atomic mass.
How did chemists change Mendeleev’s periodic table in the early 1900s? They used atomic number instead of atomic mass to organize the elements.
Which of the following scientists inferred that an atom’s positive charge must be clustered in the nucleus? Ernest Rutherford
Most metals are NOT what state of matter at room temperature? liquid
In the periodic table, the most reactive metals are found where? in Group 1, the first column on the left.
Which group contains the most elements? metals
A material is said to be ductile if it? can be pulled out, or drawn, into a long wire.
In an atom, the number of protons equals the number of? electrons.
The elements in a column of the periodic table have what in common? have similar properties.
Energy is measured in units called? joules.
An example of something that stores chemical energy is? a match.
Moving water can be used to produce electricity because? most forms of energy can be converted into other forms.
What type of conversion is taking place when natural gas is used to heat water? chemical energy into thermal energy
An example of a fossil fuel is? petroleum.
Fossil fuels contain energy that originally came from? the sun.
The type of energy stored by fossil fuels such as coal is? chemical potential energy.
Potential energy that depends on height is called? gravitational potential energy.
When generators are spun by turbines, they produce what? electricity.
What type of energy does a spinning turbine have? mechanical energy
Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom is called? nuclear energy.
Visible light is an example of what kind of energy? electromagnetic energy.
Niagara Falls is a good example of what kind of energy? potential energy being converted into kinetic energy.
The law of conservation of energy states that when one form of energy is converted into another what happens to the total amount of energy? no energy is destroyed in the process.
Created by: Jeffrey Schultz
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