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Ch. 14 Circulation
Circulation & Respiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the function of the cardiovascular system? | to carry needed substances to cells, carry waste products away from cells, help fight disease |
| What does the cardiovascular system consist of? | the heart, blood vessels, and blood |
| Septum | the septum prevents oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood from mixing in the heart |
| Atrium | upper chambers of the heart that receive blood that comes into the heart |
| Ventricle | the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out of the heart |
| Pacemaker | a group of cells that send out signals that make the heart muscle contract |
| Valve | a flap of tissue that prevents blood from flowing backward |
| What are the 3 types of vessels? | arteries, veins, and capillaries |
| Aorta | the largest artery in the body |
| Explain the 2 loop system | In the first loop, blood travels from the heart to the lungs and then back to the heart. in the second loop, blood is pumped from the heart throughout the body and returns to the heart |
| Coronary arteries | carry blood to the heart itself |
| What structures separate one chamber from another? | valves |
| What causes blood pressure? | Blood pressure is caused by the force with which the ventricles contract |
| What are the four components of blood? | plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets |
| Plasma | the liquid part of blood |
| Hemoglobin | an iron-containing protein that binds chemically to oxygen molecules |
| Red blood cells | take up oxygen in the lungs and deliver it to cells elsewhere in the body |
| White blood cells | the body's disease fighters |
| Platelets | help to form the blood clot that stops bleeding. They are pieces of cells and do not have nuclei |
| What are the 4 blood types? | A,B,AB,O |
| Lymphatic system | a network of veinlike vessels that returns the fluid to the bloodstream |
| What is lymph? | lymph consists of water and dissolved materials, such as glucose |
| A disorder in which a person's blood pressure is consistently higher than normal? | hypertension |
| Hemoglobin is a protein that binds easily to? | oxygen |
| Formaldehyde | a substance used to preserve dead animals |
| The force of the heart's contracting ???? causes blood pressure | ventricles |
| Which structure pumps blood into the arteries leading to the lungs? | right ventricle |
| What gives plasma it's yellow color? | proteins |
| Tar | a dark sticky substance, can cause cancer |
| carbon monoxide | a colorless, odorless gas that binds to RBC |
| nicotine | the addictive chemical in tobacco |
| methanol | a poisonous liquid alcohol that can cause blindness |
| cyanide | a deadly poison used to kill rats |
Created by:
Kusutasd
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