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Rad Imag. 2

Ch. 12-17

Question	Answer
The two basic components of radiologic film are	base and emulsion
The main purpose of the gelatin is to	hold the silver halide crystals
Crystals in film emulsion consist of	silver bromide and silver iodide
The overcoat on radiographic film is a protective covering of	gelatin
Latent imaging formation occurs during the film	exposure
A contaminant in the silver halide crystal created the	sensitivity speck
The latent image can only be seen after	development
Photon interaction in the emulsion occur with exposure to both	xray and light
Film is made with double emulsion to enhance film	speed
The efficiency of the intensifying screen is improved by the	reflective layer
A phosphorescent material emits light for a period of time after	stimulation
An intensifying screen is an example of both	luminescence and fluorescence
Luminescent material emits light after its outer shell _________ are excited	electrons
A screen that emits light after an exposure terminates is exhibiting screen _____	log
The ability of an intensifying screen to absorb xrays is called	detective quantum efficiency
The four primary exposure factors are	mA, kVp, time, and SID
Changes in kVp affect	optical density, image contrast, and image noise
An increase in mAs causes	no change in beam quality and an increase in beam quantity
There is a direct relationship between the quantity of xrays and the	milliamperage
If mAs is increased from 20mAs to 40 mAs the patient dose will increase	double
A 15% increase in kVp has the same effect on density as _____ the mAs	doubling
A radiograph with long scale of contrast will also have wide latitude and _____ contrast	low
Reducing the kVp 15% and doubling the mAs will increase contrast but maintain the	optical density
At least 30% change in mAs is necessary to produce a visible change in	optical density
A technique of 55kVp @ 20mAs was used, what technique would double density and produce a longer scale radiograph?	65kVp @ 20mAs; increase 15%kVp
Patient dose increases are directly related to increases in ______	mAs and distance
The small focal spot is used to provide ______ detail when less quantity if xrays is needed.	greater
Two effects of added filtration ____ beam quality and ___ patient exposure	increase; reduce
Lung is the most ____ tissue in the body, fat is more radiolucent than muscle and bone is the most radiopaque	radiolucent
Emphysema makes the lungs ____ radiolucent	more
When only optical density needs to be changed only the ___ should be changed	mAs
Sharpness of detail can be improved by increasing the ___ and ___	SID; decreasing OID
____ is caused by an angled body part when the beam is perpendicular to the image.	foreshortening
A _____ chart has a set kVp and specific mAs settings either for small, medium, and large or for every 2cm of thickness.	variable mAs technique; fixed kVp technique
With ____ the exposure is terminated when the optimum optical density is reached	automatic exposure control
The first generation of computers was run with _____ tubes	vacuum
Modern day computers use _____ chips to store information	silicon
Computer ____ includes any part of the computer that you can see and touch	hardware
The mouse is an example of computer input ___	hardware
A tape, diskette, hard disk, or optical density is used to ______ film or archive image	replace
The bit represents zero or ____	one
In computer language, 2 bytes is a _____	word
Microprocessors process _____, they do not store data.	data
Teleradiology is the practice of transferring patient images, and ___ to remote sites	reports
Digital radiography was first introduced by Fuji in ____	1981
CR IPs and FS cassettes can be used _____ with any xray imaging system	interchangeably
CR screens respond to radiation with	photostimulable luminescence
A photostimulable phosphor in a metastable state will emit light ___ when stimulated by xrays, when ___ by light and over time.	immediately; stimulated
Europium is the ___ of the photostimulable phosphor	activator
The CR cassette is called an ______	imaging plate
The PSP screen is handled in a ____	reader, scanner
The CR reader is made up of ______, _____, and ______ modules.	mechanical, optical, computer
The four steps of creating an image with computer radiography are ____, ____, ____, ____.	exposure, stimulate IP, read IP, erase
Following the laser stimulation of PSP, the electrons are mostly ____.	relaxed
Optical filters are used to filter out the ____ light and allow emitted light to reach the photodetector	stimulating
The output signal from the PSP plate is converted from light to digital by the _____	computer system
One of the similarities between CR and SF imaging is that both have ___	latent images
The principle source of noise in CR is _____	scatter radiation
With computed radiography the contrast is constant ___	regardless of radiation exposure
The computed radiography image has ____ exposure latitude and improved ____ resolution	greater/wider; contrast
After switching from film screen imaging to CR the step of reloading the ___ is eliminated.	cassette
_____ is prevented by flooding the erased plate (screen) with bright light	ghosting
Computed radiography images produce ____ gray shades	10,000
Switching from screen film imaging to computed radiography can reduce patient ______	exposure dose
______ and contrast resolution are the two principle characteristic of a medical image.	spatial
In medical imaging, the quality of spatial resolution is measured by the _________	spatial frequency
A digital imaging system cannot resolve anything smaller than ___ pixel	one
A spatial resolution of 4 lp/mm resolves 8 objects per mm, each object being ___ or 0.125mm.	1/8
As spatial frequency increases the object size decreases and the _____ increases.	spatial resolution
In a perfect system the image size would equal the object size and the MTF would be equal to __	1
The human visual system distinguish no more than ___ shades of gray	30
The number of shade of gray that an imaging system can produce is called its ___	dynamic range
Screen film radiography has a dynamic range of ____	1,000
The bit capacity of each pixel identifies the ___ range of a digital imaging system	dynamic
The mammography digital imaging systems uses the highest ______	dynamic range, number of shades of gray
The portion of the useful image-forming xrays is referred to as the ___	signal
Recent studies have shown that denser breast tissue is best imaged with ____ mammography.	digital
As mAs is increased the _______ is increased	signal to noise
Image detail is also called ______	spatial resolution
With digital imaging, patient dose can be reduced by using ___ kVp techniques	higher
DQE stands for	detective quantum efficiency
With digital radiography, problems with overexposure or inadequate brightness or contrast can be corrected during	post processing

Created by: 10153696170312934

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