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Roentgen oassed electrricy through
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He covered the Crookes tube with a shield of
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Radiation Protection
Ch 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Roentgen oassed electrricy through | Crookes Tube |
| He covered the Crookes tube with a shield of | Black cardboard |
| Wonder Rays | resulted in acute biologic damage to some patients and pioneer radiation workers. |
| Somatic Damage | biologic damage to the body of the exposed individual caused by exposure to ionizing radiation. |
| First american radiation Fatality | Clarence Dally |
| Many radiologists and dentists developed a reddening of the skin | radiodermatitis |
| what was used as the first measure of exposure for ionizing radiation?(unit used for measuring radiaiton exposure from 1900-1930) | skin erythema dose |
| skin erythema | the receieved quantity of radiation that causes diffuse redness over an area of skin after irradiation |
| amount of absorbed radiation corresponds roughly to the modern dose of | several gray(several hundred rads) |
| short term somatic effects | appeared within minutes, hrs, days, weeks of the time of radiation exposure, were believed to be preventable if doses to radiation workers were limited.(aka acute or early effects) |
| tolerance dose | radiation dose to which occupationally exposed persons could be continuously subjected without any apparent harmful acute effects |
| threshold dose | a dose of radiation below which an individual has a negligible chance of sustaining specific biologic damage |
| short term somatic EFFECTS | nausea, intestinal disorders,fatigue, feverdiffused redness of the skin,loss of hair, blood disorders,shedding of the skin |
| long term or late somatic EFFECTS | cancer, embryonic effects (birth defects)formation of cataracts |
| genetic EFFECTS | biologic effects of ionizing radiation on generations yet unborn |
| maximum permissible dose (MPD) | the largest dose of ionizing radiation that an occupationally exposed person |
| MPD was expressed in | REM (radiation-equivalent man) |
| effective dose | based on the energy depostied in biologic tissue by ionizing radiation |
| effective dose is measured in | sievert (Sv) |
| absorbed dose | amount of energy per unit mass absorbed by the irradiated object |
| amount of energy absorbed by a structure depends on | the atomic number,mass density of the tissue,the energy of the incident photon |
| Quality Factor (Q) | adjustment multiplier that was used in calculation of dose equivalence to specify the ability of a dose of any kind of ionizing radiation to cause biologic damage |
| linear energy transfer | amount of energy transferred on avg by incident radiation to an object |
| To calculate equivalent dose | EqD = D x Wr |
| To calculate effective dose | EfD = D x Wr x Wt |
| Tissue weighting factor (Wt) is used to do what? | account for the risk to the entire organism brought on by irradiation |
| Which radiation quantities accounts for some biologic tissues being more sensitive to radiation damage than other tissues | Effective Dose |
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Darla1083
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