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3312 #3

Cardiovascular Drugs- Antianginals

QuestionAnswer
episodes of chest pain; caused by deficit myocardial oxygen supply (myocardial ischemia) in regard to oxygen demand angina
deficit in myocardial oxygen supply myocardial ischemia
T or F Antianginals improve myocardial blood flow True
T or F Nitrates are vasodilators (dilate peripheral and coronary blood vessels) True
An action of antianginals is to decrease myocardial oxygen demand
These two types of antianginals used to improve myocardial blood flow 1. nitrates 2. calcium channel blockers
This type of antianginal decreases myocardial oxygen demand beta adrenergic blockers
What happens in relation to oxygen in beta adrenergic blockers increased oxygen in blood flow, decreased myocardial oxygen demand
What type of antianginals are used for chronic angina patches (rotate site of patch), ointment, oral
Common cardiac side/adverse effects of antianginals are 1. bradycardia 2. hypotension 3. HF or CHF
Common vascular side/adverse effects of antianginals are headache due to dilation of cerebral vessels
Three classes of antianginals are: 1. organic nitrates 2. beta adrenergic blockers 3. calcium channel blockers
mechanisms of organic nitrates are: dilate peripheral and coronary blood vessels
nitroglycerin is an example of which class of antianginal drug organic nitrates
what is the recommended dose of nitrogylcerin before seeking ER care may take 1 tablet, wait 5 minutes, if no relief seek ER care
to prevent acute angina or prevent acute angina, which route of nitroglycerin should be given Sublingual
A unique feature of nitroglycerin keep pt away from heat or light; replace every 6mo
T or F Nitroglycerin constricts cerebral blood vessels causing headaches False- nitroglycerin dilates cerebral blood vessels causing headaches
T or F Nitroglycerin opens blood vessels to increase oxygen to heart via increased blood flow True
How long does it take nitroglycerin to work if given sublingually or by spray less than or equal to 2 minutes
forms of organic nitrates used to treat chronic angina are patches (rotate site of patch/ointment), ointment, oral
Where should patches be placed? apply to upper arm or chest, avoid hairy areas; place in areas that the pt can visibly see (NOT on BACK)
What is the minimum about time a pt can develop tolerance to nitroglycerin 24-48 hrs; take patches off at night before bed
side effects of nitrogylcerin (organic nitrate) include: 1. reflex tachycardia, CHF, hypotension, flushing 2. flushing is due to vasodiltion
contraindications for nitroglycerin (organic nitrate) are: 1. contraindicated with anti-impotence medications (do not use within same 24hr period) (ex viagra, cialis)
nitroglycerin can have very LIFE THREATENING ____ events hypotensive
mechanisms of calcium channel blocking agents (CCBs) (nifedipine) are 1. dilate coronary and peripheral arteries 2. some suppress impulse conduction
nifedipine is classified as what type of antianginla Calcium Channel Blocking Agents (CCBs)
nifedipine is used to tx what type of angina chronic angina
mechanisms of beta adrenergic blockers (propranolol) 1. decrease sympathetic response 2. reduce heart rate and force of contraction
propranolol is classified as what type of antianginal beta adrenergic blockers- it can also be used as an antidysrhythmic
unique features of propranolol (Beta Adrenergic Blockers) used to prevent angina
Adverse/Side Effects of propranolol (Beta Adrenergic Blockers) decreased B/P decreased HR Heart failure
Are Beta Adrenergic Blockers (propranolol) used for long or short term use in treatment as antianginal long term ONLY, nitrates are used for acute use
Side/Adverse Effects of Calcium Channel Blocking Agents (CCBs) ( nifiedipine) tachycardia bradycardia hypotension- from vasodilation coronary heart failure
Calcium Channel Blocking Agents (CCBs) (nifidipine) are used to prevent angina
contraindications for antianginals hypotension (all) Congestive Heart Failure beta blockers calcium channel blockers (contractility in beta blockers and calcium channel blocker but can still use with heart failure)
Nurses should assess pts for pain apical heart rate B/P
Created by: Black88cat
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