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MedSurg60
NonInflammatory Intestinal Disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Herniation | Weakness in the abdominal muscle wall through which a segment of bowel or other abdominal structure protrudes |
| Significant Contributing Factors-Hernia | Increased intra-abdominal pressure*Obesity*Pregnancy*Lifting of heavy objects |
| Classification of Hernias | |
| Reducible- Contents of the hernial sac can be placed back into the abdominal cavity by gentle pressure(hernia moves back into peritoneal cavity) | |
| Irreducible(incarcerated)- Cannot be reduced or placed back into the abdominal cavity-Requires immediate surgical evaluation if not reducible | |
| Strangulated-Blood supply to the herniated segment of the bowel is cut off by pressure from the hernial ring-EMERGENCY SITUATION- Ischemia and obstruction of the bowel loop-Signs_ Abdominal distention, nausea, vomiting, pain, fever, and tachycardia | |
| Common types of hernias | |
| Indirect Inguinal Hernia- sac formed from the peritoneum that contains a portion of the intestine or omentum | |
| Direct Inguinal Hernias- In contrast, pass through a weak point in the abdominal wall | |
| Femoral hernias- protrude through the femoral ring | |
| Umbilical Hernias-congenital(appear in infancy) or acquired(result from increased intraabdominal pressure) | |
| Seen most commonly in obese individuals | |
| Incisional, or ventral, hernias- site of previous surgical incision- inadequate healing of incision | |
| Surgical Management-Hernias | Minimally invasive inguinal hernia repair (MIIHR)-Through laparoscope(herniorraphy)-Surgery of Choice |
| Postoperative-Hernias | May be discharged from center in 3-5hrs Rest for several daysReport redness, induration, heat, drainage, and increased pain to surgeon AVOID COUGHING- Encourage deep breathing and ambulation for lung |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | A chronic G.I. disorder characterized by presence of chronic or recurrent diarrhea, constipation, and/or abdominal pain and bloating Referred to as spastic colon, mucous colon, or nervous colon Motility changes |
| Manning Criteria-IBS | *Abdominal pain relieved by defecation or associated with changes in stool or frequency or consistency*Abdominal distention*Sensation of incomplete evacuation of stool*Presence of mucus with stool passage |
| Flare-Ups-IBS | *Flare ups consist of worsening cramps*Abdominal Pain*Diarrhea or constipation |
| Symptoms of IBS | Pain in LEFT LOWER QUADRANT OF ABDOMENReports increased pain after eating and relief after a bowel movementComplaints of belching, gas, anorexia, and bloating |
| Diet Therapy-IBS | Eliminate offending or upsetting foodsLimit caffeine and avoid alcoholLimit beverages that contain sorbitol or fructoseEat regular mealsDrink 8 to 10 cups of liquid each dayChew food slowly promote normal bowel function |
| Complementary and Alternative Therapies-IBS | Peppermint and caraway oil combinationEvening primrose oilChamomileYoga HypnosisAcupuncture |
Created by:
keisha12_18
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