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IV FLUIDS
IV FLUIDS AND USES / SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| D5W - USES | ISOTONIC - FLUID LOSS AND DEHYDRATION, HYPERNATREMIA |
| 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE - USES | NORMAL SALINE - SHOCK, HYPONATREMIA, BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS, RESUSCITATION, FLUID CHALLENGES, METABOLIC ALKALOSIS, HYPERCALCEMIA, FLUID REPLACEMENT IN DKA |
| LACTATED RINGERS - USES | DEHYDRATION, BURNS, LOWER GI TRACT FLUID LOSS, ACUTE BLOOD LOSS, HYPOVOLEMIA DUE TO THIRD SPACING |
| 0.45% SODIUM CHLORIDE - USES | HYPOTONIC - WATER REPLACEMENT, DKA AFTER INITIAL NORMAL SALINE SOLUTION AND BEFORE DEXTROSE INFUSION, HYPERTONIC DEHYDRATION, SODIUM AND CHLORIDE DEPLETION, GASTRIC FLUID LOSS FROM NG SUCTIONING OR VOMITING |
| D5 1/2NS - USES | HYPERTONIC - DKA AFTER INITIAL TREATMENT WITH NORMAL SALINE SOLUTION AND HALF-NORMAL SALINE SOLUTION - PREVETS HYPOGLYCEMIA AND CEREBRAL EDEMA (OCCURS WHEN SERUM OSMOLALITY IS REDUCED TOO RAPIDLY) |
| D5 NS - USES | HYPOTONIC DEHYDRATION, TEMPORARY TREATMENT OF CIRCULATORY INSUFFICIENCY AND SHOCK IF PLASMA EXPANDERS NOT AVAILABLE. SYNDROME OF INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE (OR USE 3% SODIUM CHLORIDE), ADDISONIAN CRISIS |
| D10W - USES | WATER REPLACEMENT, CONDITIONS IN WHICH SOME NUTRITION WITH GLUCOSE IS REQUIRED |
| D5W - CONSIDERATIONS | * SOLUTION IS ISOTONIC INITIALLY; BECOMES HYPOTONIC WHEN DEXTROSE IS METABOLIZED* DONT USE FOR RESUSCITATION; CAN CAUSE HYPERGLYCEMIA* USE CAUTIOUSLY IN RENAL AND CARDIAC DISEASE; CAN CAUSE FLUID OVERLOAD* LONG TERM; MAY CAUSE BREAKDOWN OF PROTEIN |
| 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE (NS) - CONSIDERATIONS | * SINCE THIS REPLACES EXTRACELLULAR FLUID, DONT USE IN PATIENTS WITH CHF, EDEMA, OR HYPERNATREMIA, CAN LEAD TO OVERLOAD |
| LACTATED RINGERS - CONSIDERATIONS | * ELECTROLYTE CONTENT IS SIMILAR TO SERUM BUT DOESNT CONTAIN MAGNESIUM* CONTAINS K+; DONT USE WITH RENAL FAILURE; CAN CAUSE HYPERKALEMIA* DONT USE IN LIVER DISEASE; THE PT CANT METABOLIZE LACTATE; GOOD LIVER CONVERTS TO BICARB; DONT GIVE IF PH>7.5 |
| 0.45% SODIUM CHLORIDE (1/2NS) - CONSIDERATIONS | * USE CAUTIOUSLY; MAY CAUSE CARDIOVASCULAR COLLAPSE OR INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE* DONT USE IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER DISEASE, TRAUMA, OR BURNS |
| D5NS - CONSIDERATIONS | * DONT USE IN CARDIAC OR RENAL PATIENTS BECAUSE OF DANGER OF CHF AND PULMONARY EDEMA |
| D10W - CONSIDERATIONS | * MONITOR SERUM GLUCOSE LEVELS |
Created by:
hartjl
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