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Fluids/Electrolytes

Med Surg I Exam

QuestionAnswer
Calcium Normal 8.5-10.5
Hypocalcemia less than 8.5
Hypercalcemia greater than 10.5
Chvostek's Sign contraction of facial muscles in response to a light tap over the facial nerve in front of the ear; hypocalcemia
Trousseau's Sign carpal spasm induced by inflating a blood pressure cuff above the systolic pressure for a few minutes; hypocalcemia
Normal Phosphorus 2.5-4.5
Hypophosphatemia less than 2.5
Hyperphosphatemia greater than 4.5
Normal Potassium 3.5-5.0
Hypokalemia less than 3.5
Hyperkalemia greater than 5.0
Normal Magnesium 1.3-2.3
Hypomagnesemia less than 1.3
Hypermagnesemia greater than 2.3
Calcium Gluconate is the antidote for Magnesium
Normal Sodium 135-145
Hyponatremia less than 135
Hypernatremia greater than 145
Cheese, collard greens, mild, sardines, spinach, yogurt Ca+ food sources
Fish, Pumpkin, Squash, Nuts, Dairy, Dried Fruit and veggies, Sardines, Sweet bread P food sources
Low serum P is accompanied by increase in serum Ca+
avocado, bananas, oranges, potatoes, raisins, strawberries, whole grains, milk, meat K+ food sources
Never give this IV push (FATAL) Potassium
What function should you check when administering Potassium? Kidney function
Avocado Canned white tuna Potatoes Raisins Green Leafy Veggies Nuts, seeds, legumes Whole Grains Seafood Cocoa Mg+ food sources
Bacon Butter Processed food Table salt Cheese Na+ food sources
What response normally keeps us from gettinger hypernatremic? Thirst response
Who is at high risk for hypernatremia? risk=older adults, coma, tube feedings, fever, accidental salt ingestion (near drowning), hypertonic IV fluids
How do you prevent electrolyte overload? Assess lab values Verify solution Calculate and monitor flow rate
Don't give this to patients with acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease LR
Created by: ashbee
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