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Respiratory Gas Laws
GAS LAWS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is STPD and why is it important? | Standard Tempeture and Pressure Dry- water vapor occupies space, therefor dry gas has a lower volume than "wet"/saturated volume. It is clinically important when discussing gas pressures in the lung where things are "wet". |
| What is the term used to discribe the quantity of water in a particular volume of air thats most common units are shown in grams per cubic meter? | Absolute Humidity. |
| What is absolute zero? | A tempeture in which there is no kenetic energy. |
| Which law predicts how much of a given gas will disolve in liquid? | Henry's Law (V = a X P gas) |
| Which gas law states, at a consistant tempeture the pressure of a gas inversely proportional to the volume? | Boyles Law.P1V1 = P2V2 |
| Which law states, when you change the tempeture of a gas the pressure changes? | Gay-Lussac's Law.P1/T1 = P2/T2 |
| Wich law has no constant factor but has all the same properties as three other laws? | The Combined Gas Law.(P1V1)/T1 = (P2V2)/T2 |
| Which law staes the total pressure of a gas mixture must = the sum of the partial pressures of all its parts? | Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure. |
| What is Buoyancy and what principal does it belong to? | Archimedes Principle- pressure below a submerged object is higher than pressure above it (this difference is an upward force). |
| Define laminar flow. | A pattern of flow consisting of concentric layers of fluid flowing parallel to the tube wall at linear velocities that increase towards the center. |
| Define turbulent flow. | The pattern of flow through a tube changes significantly, with a loss of regular streamlines. Fluid molecules form irregular eddy currents in a chaotic pattern. |
| What are the three primary states of matter? | Solids, liquids and gases. |
| What is flow resistance? | The difference between pressures at two points along a tube divided by flow. |
| The change in pressure required to produce a given flow (under laminar flow conditions) through a smooth tube of a fixed size is which law? | Pouseuille's Law. |
| What is capillary action and how does it affect the Respiratory therapist? | A phenomenon in which a liquid in a small tube upward against gravity. This is important because of blood sampling and some of the absorbent wicks used in some of the gas humidifiers. |
| What is the dew point? | The temperature at which water vapor condenses back to its liquid form. |
| What is the barometric pressure formula? | pressure=height of column X density of liquid |
| If we have two liters of a gas at a tempeture of 420 K, what will the new volume be? What law will you use to solve the problem? | You would use the Combined gas law to find the answer. since pressure was never mentioned, ignore it. The equation is V1/T1 = V2/T2 2L/420 = x /350 answer= 1.67L |
| What law states the lighter gases diffuse more rapidly and heating or agitation of gases speed up diffusion (based on kenetic energy). | Grahams Law. |
| What does Pascal's principle tell us? | It tells us that a static liquid pressure depends on the depth of the fluid.P = H x density |
Created by:
CLEBLANC
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