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CNS Drugs

Stimulants and Depressants

QuestionAnswer
Sedative-Hypnotics Actions: Depresses CNS to varying degrees Features: Reduces anxiety and promotes relaxation (sedatives); produces sleep (hypnotics) Adverse Effects: Respiratory depression, excessive sedation, hypotension, paradoxical excitement, withdrawal disturbanc
Barbituates: phenobarbital Action: Inhibit nerve cells Features: Suppresses REM sleep; induces liver enzyme production; tolerance develops Allergic Reaction: prickly sensation and edema of oral mucosa Antidote: NONE
Benzodiazepine: diazepam Action: Suppresses non-REM sleep Antidote: flumazenil
Non-Barb/Non-Benzo: Buspar Features: less CNS depression, less risk of dependence, and slow onset of action
Opiod Action: Induces sleep, relieves pain, reduces anxiety and fear, increases pain threshold, stimulates CTZ causing N/V, suppresses cough, miosis (pupil constriction) Adverse Effects: constipation, N/V, urine retention, reduced BP, resp. depression
Classic Triad of Opiod Toxicity Miosis, deep sleep (unconsciousness), very slow respirations Antidote: Narcan; Revex
Created by: viviane
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