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Medical Terminology

Chapter 1 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Atrium One of two upper chambers of the heart
Atrioventricular Node (AV Node) Specialized tissue in the wall between the atria. Electrical impulses pass from the pacemaker (SA Node) through the AV node and the atrioventricular bundle of bundle of His toward the ventricles.
Atrioventricular Bundle (Bundle of His) Specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them. His is pronounced "hiss"
Artery Largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body. Notice that artery and away being with an 'a'
Arteriole Small Artery
Apex of the heart Lower tip of the heart
Aorta Largest artery in the body
Capillary Smallest blood vessel. Material pass to and from the bloodstream
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Gas (waste) released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart and the to the lungs for exhalation.
Coronary Arteries Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle
Deoxygenated Blood Blood that is oxygen-poor
Diastole Relaxation phase of the heartbeat. (From Greek diastole, dilation)
Electrocardiogram Record of the electricity flowing through the heart. The electricity is represented by waves or deflections called P, QRS, or T
Endocardium Inner lining of the heart
Endothelium Innermost lining of blood vessels
Mitral Valve Valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve.
Murmur Abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves.
Myocardium Muscular, middle layer of the heart.
normal sinus rhythm Heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node with a rate in patients at rest of 6- to 100 beats per minute.
Oxygen Gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all blood cells.
Pacemaker (Sionatrial Node, SA node) Specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat. An artificial cardiac pacemaker is an electronic apparatus implanted in the chest to stimulate heart muscle that is weak and not functioning.
Pericardium Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart.
Pulmonary Artery Artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs.
Pulmonary Circulation Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.
Pulmonary Valve Valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
Pulmonary Vein One of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
Pulse Beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the artieries
Septum (plural: septa) Partition or wall dividing a cavity; such as between the right and left atria (interatrial septum) and right and left ventricles (inter ventricular septum)
Sinoatrial node (SA node) Pacemaker of the heart
Sphygmomanometer Instrument to measure blood pressure
Systemic Circulation flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to body tissues.
Systole Contraction phase of the heartbeat. ( From Greek systole, contraction)
Tricuspid Valve Located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; it has three (tri-) leaflets, or cusps.
Valve Structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes and opening so that blood flows in only one direction
Vein Thin-walled vessel that carries blood form body tissues and lungs back to the heart. Veins contain valves to prevent back flow of blood.
Vena Cave (plural: venae cavae) Largest vein in the body. The superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of the heart.
Ventricle One of two lower chambers of the heart
Venule Small Vein
Created by: sandra_rodd97
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