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Esophageal varices are
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Hyperbilirubinemia
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Adult 1 GI site group 1 Mr. Justice (Tonya)

QuestionAnswer
Esophageal varices are Answer Swollen, twisted veins
Hyperbilirubinemia High blood levels of a pigment released by the liver with bile
Which is the only organ in the body that has both endocrine and exocrine functions? Pancreas
What type of ANS response is the Valsalva movement? Parasympathetic
What are the functions of the liver? Metabolic function (metabolisms), Bile synthesis, Storage of glucose in form of glycogen, Break down of old RBC’s, WBC’s, and bacteria
What are the two types of hiatal hernias? Sliding, Paraesophageal (rolling)
What is a sliding hernia? The junction of the stomach and esophagus is above the hiatus of the diaphragm and part of the stomach slides through the hiatal opening in the
Nursing considerations for small bowel series? NPO for 8-12 hours prior to test
EGD (Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Insertion of flexible tube into esophagus through the stomach and into the duodenum of the small intestines, Performed under MAC (monitored anesthesia care) – “Twilight sleep”, Pt. able to communicate if needed, Can be done outside of OR
Gastric Analysis NGT placed to extract gastric secretions (withhold meds that affect gastric emptying 48 hours prior to test – protonix 96 hours)
What situations require use of enteral (duodenal or jejunal) feeding? Any situation where need to be NPO for extended period, Need to bypass the stomach due to disease, surgery,trauma or lack of emptying, When more nutrition is needed such as Chemo,radiation,burns,dysphasia
Nursing interventions for tube fed patients? Correct type of feeding, Temperature of feeding, Adequate fluid intake, Contamination of feeding – should not hang longer than 24 hours
What nursing action best facilitates the passage of the NGT from the stomach through the pylorus and into the small intestines? Gently advance the tube 1-4 inches at regular intervals, Postion patient on R side for 2 hours after initial insertion, Maintaining strict bedrest, Positioning patient flat (supine)
S/S of cancer of oral cavity Often none or painless lump, Unexpected pain or soreness in mouth, Unusual bleeding from oral cavity, Swelling or lump in neck, Red, velvet-like tongue
Risk factors of oral CA Chew, cigars & pipe, Cigarette & alcohol use, Sun exposure
To determine the underlying factors relating to the undernourishment of an elderly patient, the most appropriate question by the nurse is Can you give me an example of what you normally eat
A patient with difficulty swallowing is started on continuous tube feedings of a full-strength formula at 100ml/hr. The patient has 6 diarrhea stools for the first day. The action that is most appropriate for the nurse to take first is slow the feeding flow rate
The nurse identifies the nursing dx of deficient fluid volume for a patient with prolonged vomiting. An assessment by the nurse that is most helpful is determining the source of the vomiting is the times when the vomiting occurs
A patient with chronic GERD is experiencing increasing discomfort. During assessment of pt's current management of the problem, the nurse determines that further teaching is needed when the patient states I try to keep my diet low in fat, and I eat small meals throughout the day anad at bedtime
How long should a patient be NPO for an Upper GI 8-12 hours
Purpose of Gastric emptying Dx for recurrent delayed emptying or rapid emptying
S/S of delyed emptying N/V, abd fullness/bloating
EGD assess for sites of bleeding, identifies ulcerations/lesions, detects strictures, masses or tears, repair of acute bleeding, biopsy
Where does the flexible tube go for an EGD into the esophagus through the stomach and into the duodenum of the small intestine
What is an ERCP used to assess for remove gallstones obstructing the bile duct (if distal), dilate strictures, Bx tumors, Dx pseudocysts
What is the purpose of a Gastric Analysis detect gastrin secreting tumors, achlorhydria, pernicious anemia, recurrent peptic ulcer disease, evaluating effective of surgery to reduce acid output
Created by: chiltony
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