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American History #2
Grades 5 to 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who was the woman who signaled her father's American troops in 1777? | Sybil Ludington (16 years old) |
| Who was the woman who pretended to be an American soldier in the Revolutionary War? | Deborah Sampson |
| Who was the woman who manned the cannon at the Battle of Monmouth? | Molly Pitcher |
| Why did Molly Pitcher man the cannon at the Battle of Monmouth? | Her husband had been killed. |
| The soldiers of the American Revolution got very thirsty at battle. Women brought them water. What was Molly Pitcher's real name? | Mary Ludwig |
| Who was president of the Second Continental Congress? | John Hancock |
| Who was the Commander in Chief of the American troops during the Revolutionary War? | George Washington |
| Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? | Thomas Jefferson |
| What are the unalienable/inalienable rights of all Americans? | life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness |
| In what year was the Declaration of Independence signed and approved? | 1776 |
| At which battle, did the British surrender? | Yorktown |
| At Yorktown, what did the band play as the British soldiers dropped their weapons in a pile? | The World Turned Upside Down |
| At Yorktown, which European nation came to America's assistance? | France |
| How did the French assist the American's at Yorktown? | The French fleet blockaded the port so the British were trapped between the ocean and the American army. |
| What was the first constitution of the United States? | Articles of Confederation |
| What was wrong with the Articles of Confederation? | weak central government |
| What was the farmers' fight against American taxes on whiskey called? | Whiskey Rebellion |
| Who led the American troops against the farmers opposing the whiskey tax? | George Washington |
| Which farmer led a fight against the the new American government taking farm land away from veterans of the American Revolution? | Daniel Shay |
| Where was the Constitutional Convention? | Philadelphia |
| Why did the members of the Constitutional Convention want to keep their meeting secret? | They tossed out the Articles of Confederation and were forming a new government. |
| Who was president of the Constitutional Convention? | George Washington |
| What was the Great Compromise of the Constitutional Convention? | The legislative branch has two houses--House of Representatives based on state population and the Senate based on two senators from each state (equal representation). |
| Why did the Constitution keep the slave trade for twenty years? | The South walked out and would not ratify the Constitution until slavery was kept. |
| What are the three branches of government in the USA? | legislative, executive, judicial |
| Who represents the legislative branch of the US government? | Congress (House of Representatives and Senators) |
| Who represents the executive branch of the US government? | President, his/her cabinet, and appointed officials |
| Who represents the judicial branch of the US government? | Supreme Court and lower appellate courts |
| What check does the president have on Congress? | The President can veto legislation. |
| What checks does Congress have on the President? | Congress can override a Presidential veto, approve Presidential appointees, and impeach the President. |
| What check does the president have on the Judicial Branch? | The President appoints justices. |
| What check does Congress have on the Supreme Court and the Judicial Branch? | Congress must approve justices appointed by the President. |
| What check does the Supreme Court have on Congress and the President? | The Supreme Court can declare laws passed by Congress and signed by the President to be unconstitutional. |
| From which document does the Supreme Court make its decisions on constitutionality? | The Constitution |
| What are the first ten amendments to the Constitution called? | The Bill of Rights |
| What are the freedoms in the First Amendment? | assembly, petition, press, religion, and speech |
| What do most Americans believe is the freedom in the Second Amendment? | the right to bear arms (carry a weapon) |
| Which amendment allows you to invoke it so that you do not have to testify against yourself in court? | Fifth Amendment |
| Which amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment? | Eighth Amendment |
| Which amendments followed the American Civil War and protected the rights of African American men to vote? | Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments |
| Which amendment gave us income tax? | Sixteenth Amendment |
| Which amendment gave women the right to vote? | Nineteenth Amendment |
| Which amendment prohibited the sale of alcohol? | Eighteenth Amendment |
| Which amendment repealed prohibition? | Twenty-first Amendment |
| Which amendment limited the number of years that a president could serve? | Twenty-second Amendment |
| Which amendment extended voting rights for those 18 or older? | Twenty-sixth Amendment |
| From where did America get the concept of a democratic republic? | Ancient Greeks had a direct democracy, and the Romans had a republic. |
| What is a limited government? | The government has certain written powers and no others. |
| What is an unlimited government? | The government has no written powers and can do anything the politicians want to do. |
| Describe the central or federal government's power in the United States. | strong |
| Which branch of the government is more powerful? | All three branches are equal in power. |
| How long do United States Representatives serve? | two years |
| How long do United States Senators serve? | six years |
| How many Representatives are in Congress? | 435 |
| How many Senators are in Congress? | 100 |
| How many electors are in the Electoral College? | 538 |
| How is the Electoral College determined? | 435 Representatives + 100 Senators + 3 representatives from the District of Columbia |
| Who was Commander in Chief of the Continental Army and the first President of the United States? | George Washington |
| Where did the first president reside? | Philadelphia and New York City |
| Who defended the British soldiers of the Boston Massacre, was Vice-President under George Washington, and was the second president of the United States? | John Adams |
| Who wrote the Declaration of Independence, was Washington's Secretary of State, John Adams' Vice-President, and the third president of the United States? | Thomas Jefferson |
| Where did George Washington call home? | Mount Vernon, Virginia |
| Where did Thomas Jefferson call home? | Montpelier, Virginia |
| What did the Federalists (political party) believe? | strong, central (federal) government |
| What did the Anti-Federalists (political party) believe? | weak central (federal) government; states had greater power |
| Which two Missouri cities were "jumping off" points for the Oregon Trail? | Independence and St. Joseph |
| Which stagecoach line left Tipton, Missouri? | Butterfield Stage Coach Line |
| Where was the beginning and end of the Cumberland Road? | Cumberland, Maryland to Vandalia, Illinois |
| What did pioneers heading west use? | Conestoga wagons |
| What was the nickname for Conestoga wagons? | Prairie Schooners |
| What animals pulled the Conestoga wagons west? | Oxen and mules |
| What mountain range did the pioneers on the Oregon Trail have to cross ? | Rocky Mountains |
| How were the pioneers on the Oregon Trail organized? | They traveled in companies of 30 to 70 wagons. |
| Provide three hardship that the pioneers on the Oregon Trail encountered. | Heat, tornadoes, dust storms, bandits, hostile Native Americans, cholera |
| What did the pioneers use for building material in the Great Plains? | sod |
| How did the pioneers get from one part of the country to another? | stagecoaches |
| What were the homes and/or stores along the stagecoach called? | stations |
| Why were stations about 15 miles apart? | The horses could travel about 15 miles before needing to rest. |
| What years were the Pony Express in business? | 1860 and 1861 |
| What was the route of the Pony Express? | St. Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California |
| How many miles did a rider cover in a day riding for the Pony Express? | 250 miles |
| How long did it take the Pony Express to convey a letter from Missouri to California? | 8 to 10 days |
| From which European country did Mexico gain its independence in 1821? | Spain |
| What did the Mexican government offer to citizens of the United States? | cheap land in Texas |
| Who led the American settlers in Texas? | Sam Houston |
| What did Americans who settled in Texas promise the Mexican government? | Learn Spanish and become Roman Catholics |
| Who was the dictator of Mexico at the time of the Mexican-American War? | General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna |
| Where did the Texans gather when Santa Anna attempted to put down their rebellion? | The Alamo |
| Who led the Texans at the Battle of the Alamo? | Colonel William Travis |
| Name two famous frontiersmen who were killed at the Alamo. | Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie |
| After killing the Texans at the Alamo, how did Santa Anna dispose of their bodies? | Santa Anna burned the bodies of the Texans killed at the Alamo. Their wives and families watched and smelled the bodies of their loved ones burn. |
| Where was General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna captured? | The Battle of San Jacinto in California; the Americans' rallying call was "Remember the Alamo" |
| What are waterways built to connect large bodies of water called? | canals |
| What are sections of canals with water-tight gates at each end? | locks |
| What two bodies of water did the Erie Canal connect? | Great Lakes, Atlantic Ocean |
| How long was the Erie Canal? | 360 miles |
| Whose dream was the Erie Canal? | Governor Dewitt Clinton of New York |
| Who designed the first steam locomotive? | Peter Cooper of New Work |
| What was the first steam locomotive called? | Tom Thumb |
| What was the nickname for the steam locomotives? | Iron Horse |
Created by:
marybahner
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