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Anti-inflam Pharm 1
Antiinflammatory, Antirheumatic, and Related Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1st mediator in the process of inflammation, causes dilation of the arterioles and increases capillary permeability. | Histamines |
| Increases capillary permeability and the sensation of pain. | Kinins |
| Increase in vasodilation, capillary permeability, sensitization of nerve cells to pain, fever | Prostaglandins |
| Cardinal Signs of Inflammation | Swelling, Redness, Heat, Pain, and Loss of Function |
| Antirheumatic Drugs | NSAIDS, DMARDS, Corticosteriods, Antigout Drugs |
| Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Drugs inhibit chemical mediators thus decreasing the _______ process. | Inflammatory |
| NSAIDs are ______ inhibitors, with varying degrees of analgesic and antipyretic effects. | Prostaglandin |
| Prescribed NSAIDS Examples | Celebrex, Anaprox |
| NSAIDS inhibit which enzymes? | COX 1 and COX 2 |
| COX 1- Protects the ________ and regulated blood platelets, thus promoting ______. | Stomach Lining; blood clotting |
| COX 2- Triggers ___________ at the injured site. | Pain and Inflammation |
| Aspirin and NSAIDS inhibit or block ____ and ____ | COX 1 and COX 2 |
| When Cox 1 is blocked, protection to the stomach lining and blood clotting are decreased. This will cause: | Bleeding and Ulcers |
| When COX 2 is blocked, ___ is reduced and ____ is supressed. | Pain; Inflammation |
| Aspirin is a ______ inhibitor of COX. | Nonselective |
| Drug-lab-food interactions for aspirin | Anticoagulants, oral hypoglcyemics, lowers cholesterol and potassium, prunes, raisins, licroice, certain spices |
| Salicylism results from short term high doses or prolonged therapy with high soes. What are some SIgns and Symtpoms? | Tinnitus and Hearing loss |
| Nursing Implications for Aspirin | Monitor serum salicylate level and observe for signs for bleeding, dark tarry stools, bleeding gums, eccymosis |
| Patient Teaching for Aspirin | Do not take with alcohol, discontinue 3-7 days before surgery, avoid during 3rd trimester of pregnancy, do not give to children with flu or virus symtoms, take with food and not with other NSAIDS |
| Indomethacin Protoype | Indocin |
| Indocin causes: | Soidium and Water Retention and therfore will increase BP |
| Indon Indications | Rheumatoid, Gouty, and Osteoarthritis |
| Propionic Acid Protoype | Ibuprofen |
| Drug Interactions for Ibuprofen | Warfarin, insulin and ORal hypoglycemics |
| Side Effects of Ibuprofen | GI upset, cardiac dysrhythmias |
| First injectable NSAID | Ketrolac |
| Ketrolac Trade Name | Toradol |
| Action of Ketrolac | Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis. Used for short term pain management |
| Equal or superior analgesic for post surgical pain | Ketrolac |
| Inform the patient with dysmnenorrhea to take _____ instead of ______ 2 days before and during the first 2 days of menstrual period. | Acteaminophen; aspirin |
| Celecoxib prototype | Celebrex |
| Celebrex inhibits COX ___, which promotes prostaglandin synthesis and inflammatory response. | COX 2 |
| Celebrex is used to treat: | Osteoarthritis, RA, and Dysmnennorrhea |
| Drug interactions for Celebrex | Decreases the effect of ACE inhibitorsIncreased INR and GI bleeding with Warfarin |
| Most frequently used DMARD | Gold Drug Therapy |
| Gold drug therapy inhibits the prostaglandin synthesis and depress migration of ______. | Leukocytes |
| Gold Drug Therapy is not for the early stages of _____ and is used in _______ care. | Arthritis, Pallative |
| Metallic Taste, Rashes, and Prutitis are signs and symptoms of: | Gold Therapy |
| Gold Therapy may take ______months for therapeutic effect to occur. | 3-4 |
| Azathioprine trade name | Imuran |
| Azathioprine is a ______ agent. | Immnunosupressive |
| Immunomodulators are used for moderate to severe _______ | RA |
| A proinflammatory cytokine that contribuites to synovial inflammation and joint destruction | IL-1 |
| Antimalarials are used for | RA |
| Control inflammation by supressing or preventing the inflammatory process at the injured site | Corticosteriods |
| When discontinuing a corticosteriod, the dosage should be tapered over a period of _______. | 5-10 days |
| Uric acid is the major end product of _______ __________ and is excreted by the kidneys. | Purine Catabolism |
| The most common site of acute inflammation is at the joint of the ________. | Big Toe |
| Podagra | Acute Inflammation at the Big Toe |
| Allopurinal trade name | Zyloprim |
| Zyloprim is an ________ inhbitor. | Uric Acid |
| Zyloprim is used to treat | Gout |
| Zyolprim is used as a ______ to treat gout. | Prophylactic |
| Patients with an overproduction uric acid should avoid: | Alcohol, Caffeine, and Thiazide diuretics that increase uric acid levels |
| Drug Interactions for Zyloprim | Increase the effect of Warfarin, ACE inhibitors, decrease effect with antacids |
| Used for acute gout | Colchcine |
| Used for chronic gout | Uricosurics |
| Nurings Implications Antigout | Determine a medical history, assess the serum uric acid value, Record the urine output. Blood should be monitored, increase fluid intake, yearly eye exam, take meds at mealtime, no vit c--- may cause kidney stones. |
Created by:
khead
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