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Structure and Functi

Chapter 11- Blood Terms

TermDefinition
anemia deficient number of red blood cells or deficient hemoglobin
antibodies substances produced by the body that destroy or inactivate a specific substance (antigen) that has entered the body
antigens substances that, when introduced into the body, cause formation of antibodies against them
basophil white blood cell that stains readily with basic dyes
buffy coat The WBCs and platelets that settle out in a layer after blood is spun down in a centrifuge
carbaminohemoglobin the compound formed by the union of carbon dioxide with hemoglobin
embolism obstruction of a blood vessel by foreign matter carried in the bloodstream
embolus a blood clot or other substance (bubble of air) that is moving in the blood and may block a blood vessel
eosinophil white blood cell that is readily stained by eosin
erythroblastosis fetalis a disease that may develop when an Rh-negative mother has anti-Rh antibodies and gives birth to an Rh-positive baby and the antibodies react with the Rh-positive cells of the baby
erythrocytes red blood cells
fibrin insoluble protein in clotted blood
fibrinogen soluble blood protein that is converted to insoluble fibrin during clotting
hematocrit volume percent of blood cells in whole blood
hemoglobin iron-containing protein in red blood cells
heparin substance obtained from the liver; inhibits blood clotting
leukemia blood cancer characterized by an increase in white blood cells
leukocyte white blood cells
leukocytosis abnormally high white blood cell numbers in the blood
leukopenia abnormally low white blood cell numbers in the blood
lymphocytes one type of white blood cell
monocyte a phagocyte
neutrophil white blood cell that stains readily with neutral dyes
oxyhemoglobin hemoglobin combined with oxygen
pernicious anemia deficiency of red blood cells because of a lack of vitamin B12
phagocytes white blood cells that engulf microbes and digest them
plasma the liquid part of the blood
plasma protein any of several proteins normally found in the plasma; includes albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen
polycythemia an excessive number of red blood cells
prothrombin a protein present in normal blood that is required for blood clotting
prothrombin activator a protein formed by clotting factors from damaged tissue cells and platelets; it converts prothrombin into thrombin, a step essential to forming a blood clot
serum blood plasma minus its clotting factors, still contains antibodies
thrombin protein important in blood clotting
thrombocytes also called platelets; play a role in blood clotting
thrombosis formation of a clot in a blood vessel
thrombus stationary blood clot
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