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Aphasia

Hallmarks of brain damage

QuestionAnswer
Catastrophic reactions to stimuli Psychological breakdown: 1-Reaction to external stimuli (can’t filter, sensory overload) 2-Internal reaction (depression, unable to manage emotional repercussions of condition) flight/fright response, panic attacks, feeling of impending doom.
Emotional lability (psuedobulbar) 1-Uncontrollable crying - more likely with restricted verbal expression. 2-Internal LOC predisposes patient to depression. 3-Emotions = amygdala, limbic system, etc. - research hasn't found site for Tx.
Perseveration 1-Doing something for a longer duration than is warranted, after stimulus has changed. 2-Echolalia (related). 3-Inability to shift set, reduced mental flexibility. 4-Clinical approach: start slowly, go from easy to more complex, give extra time.
Depression Mood swings, loss of interest, isolation. Consider adolescent hormones, changes in depression pre- and post- brain damage, etc. Non-fluent patients are at greater risk because of awareness of their communication disability
Anosognosia Denial of disability's existence (frontal cortex) - a conscious decision to ignore the problem, mental compensation for the loss. Impacts patient safety and ADLs (nutrition).
Visual neglect Hemianopsia. Homonymous (both eyes). Cortical blindness. Hemialexia (reading only half the page).
Disinhibition Inability to control or defer feelings. Can impact patient progress in therapy. Possible psych referrals for patients with emotional obstacles impeding Tx .
Memory deficits Word retrieval problems. Type (TBI, CVA, etc.) or etiology (dementia) affects the way they manifest.
Euphoria Heightened sense of well-being. Psychological issue, not sensory. They feel pain but deny it.
Created by: ashea01
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